院士风采

黄秉维

1913.02.01～2000.12.08

地理学家、综合自然地理学家。广东惠阳人。1934年毕业于中山大学地理系。中国科学院地理研究所研究员、所长、名誉所长。长期致力于中国资源环境的研究，强调自然地理学的综合研究。1956年就提出自然地理应探讨地表的物理、化学和生物过程，并加以综合研究。主编的“中国综合自然区划”是首次着眼农林牧水发展的综合区划，是第一部中国最详尽而系统的全国自然区划专著。60年代在中国率先开展地表热量、水分平衡研究，推动化学地理研究。70年代倡导农业自然生产潜力的研究，主持建立了北京农业生态系统试验站，并推动了河流地貌、水分平衡试验等实验室（场）的建立。80年代以来致力于坡地利用与改良及全球环境变化的研究。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Physical geographer. Born in Guangzhou. Graduated from the Department of Geography, Zhongshan University in 1934. Research professor and honorary director, Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Huang has devoted over 60 years to the studies on China’s natural resources and environment with special reference to the development of primary and secondary industries and he highly values physical geography as a discipline linking a wide array of components and factors. Several versions of his work on the physico-geographic regionalization of China endeavor to relate all biophysical factors to agriculture, forestry and water resources and bring forth a regional pattern in agreement with the so-called periodic law of natural zonality. To help physical geographers to plow equally deep and wide,his suggestion to develop investigations on the physical, chemical and biological processes of the earth has resulted since the early 1960s in the establishment and growth of research of heat and water balance,quality of human environment and potential crop productivity in China. As all these are interrelated themes, anything new in one field often provokes thoughts in others. The same is true of the two latest additional themes, sustainable development of sloping lands and global environment change.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

斯行健

1901.03.11～1964.07.19

古植物学家。浙江诸暨人。1926年毕业于北京大学地质系。1931年获德国柏林大学哲学博士学位。中国科学院古生物研究所（南京地质古生物研究所前身）研究员、所长。长期从事古植物研究，对古植物的分类和演化、地层划分对比以及植物地理分布等都有深入系统研究，是我国古植物研究的先行者。主要论著有《中国中生代植物》、《陕北延长层植物群》、《鄂西香溪煤系植物化石》等140余篇。其中《中国古生代植物图鉴》及《中国标准化石—古生代及及新生代部分》两书，对我国地质勘探工作有重要指导意义。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Paleobotanist. Born in Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Geology, Beijing University in 1926. Received Ph.D. from Berlin University, German in 1931. Research professor and director, Institute of Paleontology ( the predecessor of Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology), Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Si had long been engaged in research on paleobotany. He made thorough and systematic investigations on the classification and evolution of paleobotany, division and comparison of stratigraphical and paleophytogeographic distribution, and he was a pioneer of paleobotany in China. He published more than 140 publications including major works such as “ Mesozoic Plants from China ” and “ Piant Fossils of Coal Series in Xiangxi, Western Hubei Province, China ”. Some of his monographs, such as “ Paleozoic Plant of China ”, “ Older Mesozoic Plants from the Yenchang Formation, Northern Shensi ” and “ Index fossils of China, Plants ”, gave important guidance to the geologic prospecting of China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

程裕淇

1912.10.07～2002.01.02地质学家。浙江嘉善人。1933年毕业于清华大

学。1938年获英国利物浦大学博士学位，1988年获名誉科学博士学位。中国地质科学院研究员、地质矿产部副部长。早年在苏格兰提供了国际间系统研究交代型混合岩的范例，阐明其交代机理；发现川西丹巴递进变质带；发现昆明富磷矿（1939），是中国寻找沉积磷矿床的突破。长期从事和领导中国铁矿的研究和勘查以及早前寒武系的研究和总结，指出铁矿找矿方向；提出铁矿类型组和铁矿成矿系列以及所有矿床的成矿系列的概念，促进了成矿学研究。还提出混合岩系列和混合岩化成矿的观点，进行混合岩化作用的地质背景分类和区域变质岩石的详细分类，阐明中国各时代变质岩系、岩带的特征，从而促进了变质地质学的发展。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士(学部委员)。

Geologist. Born in Jiashan, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Tsinghua University in 1933. Received Ph. D. and honorary Sc.D.from the University of Liverpool, UK in 1938 and in 1988. Research professor, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.

In his early years of scientific career, he studied migmatite in Scotland and clarified its mechanism of metasomatism, providing a classical example for the study in this field. He identified the Danba progressive metamorphic belt in western Sichuan Province. In 1939,he discovered a high-grade phosphorus deposit in Kunyang, Yunnan Province, making a breakthrough in the prospecting of sedimentarytype phosphorus deposits in China. He took paart in and led the study and exploration of iron deposits and the research and generalization of the Early Precambrian System of China for many years. In this period, he not only put forward the concepts of the type groups and minerogenetic metallogenetic series of iron ore deposits, but also proposed some promising prospecting directions. His concept of minerogentic series is also suitable to all other mineral deposits.In addition, he formulated his view of the migmatite series and mineralization due to migmatization classified in detail the geological settings of migmatization and regional metamorphic rocks and characteristics of metamorphic rock series and belts of all geological times in China. His work promoted the study of metallogeny and metamorphism in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

谢家荣

1898.07～1966.08.14

地质学家、矿床学家。上海人。1920年获美国威斯康星大学硕士学位。地质部矿床地质研究所研究员、副所长。中国地质学会创始人之一。对我国媒岩学、矿相学、区域地质学、地震学和陨石学等都进行过先驱性的研究，对矿床学造诣尤深。在燃料矿产、各种金属及非金属矿产的成矿规律及找矿方法上都有大量论述。指导发现淮南八公山煤田、安徽风台磷矿、福建漳浦铝土矿、南京栖霞山铅锌矿等矿床。对华北、松辽、渤海、塔里木等石油蕴藏所坐的理论预测，有的已得到证实。在我国最早提出地质理论找矿，强调应用研究，倡导使用综合勘查方法，重视经济效益。

1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Specialist in geology and mineral deposits. Born in Shanghai.Received M.Sc. from Wisconsin University, USA in 1920. Research professor and deputy director, Institute of Mineral Deposits, Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources, and one of the founders of China Geological Society.

He did pioneering research on coal petrography mineralography,regional geology, seismology and astrolithology, especially on mineral deposits. He did lots of expositions on the laws of mineralizing and seeking mineral deposits including fuels, metals and non-metals. He led the discovery of Bagongshan coal field in Huainan, phosphorus deposits in Fengtai, Anhui Province, and lead-zinc deposits in Qixia Mountain, Nanjing. He predicted theoretically the petroleum deposits in North China, Songliao, Bohai Sea and Talimu, etc., some of which have been proved. He first proposed to prospect mineral deposits by geological theory. He emphasized applied research, initiated synthetic prospecting methods and paid attention to economic benefits.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.