减小OFDM 系统PAPR的QEA?PTS联合方法

2015-07-09 20:47林志阳等
现代电子技术 2015年8期

林志阳等

摘 要: 为了减小正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的高峰值平均功率比(PAPR),提出一种基于量子进化算法(QEA)的低复杂度部分传输系列(PTS)联合方法。该方法通过循环移位对传统的PTS进行改进,利用OFDM系统提供的额外自由度将循环移位与独立旋转相位进行组合优化,并采用QEA来搜索最优相位因子,使得PAPR最小。仿真结果表明,与传统的方法比较,这里提出的QEA?PTS的联合方法更加有效地减小系统的PAPR,同时降低了计算复杂度。

关键词: 正交频分复用; 峰值平均功率比; 部分传输系列; 量子进化算法

中图分类号: TN911?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2015)08?0070?04

QEA?PTS combined method to reduce PAPR of OFDM system

LIN Zhi?yang1, WANG Zhao?hui1, REN Jia1, DING Jie1, ZHANG Chun?yuan1, ZHOU You?ling1, ZHANG Li2

(1.College of Information Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;

2. Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

Abstract: In order to reduce the peak average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, a low complexity partial transmit series (PTS) method based on the quantum evolutionary algorithm (QEA) is proposed, with which the traditional PTS is improved by means of cyclic shift. The additional degrees of freedom provided by OFDM system is adopted to make combination optimization of the cyclic shift and independent rotating phase. The QEA is used to search for the optimal phase factor to make the PAPR minimum. The simulation results show that, compared with traditional method, the QEA?PTS method proposed in this paper can reduce the systems PAPR more effectively while lowering the computational complexity.

Keyword: OFDM; PAPR; PTS; QEA

正交频分复用(OFDM)是一种多载波调制技术,由于具有多径衰落鲁棒性、高频谱率和低复杂度等优势,被广泛应用于高速率的无线通信技术领域[1]。但它的多载波特性,使OFDM系统产生高的峰值平均功率比,既降低了发射机功率放大器的效率,也降低了了数/模转换器和模/数转换器(ADC和DAC)的信号量化噪声比(SQNR)[2?3]。目前,已经提出了许多降低PAPR的方法,大致可分为确定性和概率性技术[3]。削波限幅[4]是一种典型的确定性技术,它是一种有效降低PAPR的方法,但它是一种非线性过程,能引起带内失真,既降低误码率(BER)性能,又产生带外噪声[1]。概率性技术采用统计特性避免了信号失真,典型的有选择性映射(SLM)和部分传输系列(PTS)。SLM技术需要M(不同相位序列)次IFFT运算,对于每个数据块需要发送[[log2M]]比特的边信息(SI)(其中[·]为小于“·”的最大整数),使得该方法的计算复杂度较高。PTS技术是一种有效降低OFDM系统PAPR的优化方法,在搜索最优相位因子时,搜索的复杂度会随子块数的增加呈指数上升。现有的改进PTS方法需要发射边信息来恢复出原始符号,不仅受子块数和允许的相位因子的影响,而且受子块分割的影响,不但计算复杂度较高,且会降低系统的频谱利用率[4]。

针对传统PTS和现有改进PTS方法自身存在的局限性,本文提出一种基于QEA?PTS的联合方法降低OFDM系统的PAPR。通过仿真实验表明,基于QEA?PTS的联合方法更加有效地减小系统的PAPR,同时降低了计算复杂度。

1 峰值平均功率比的定义

考虑一个MIMO?OFDM系统,一个OFDM符号表示为:

4 结 语

本文提出的QEA?PTS联合方法是一种有效降低OFDM系统PAPR的同时,也减小了计算复杂度。本文是使用改进的PTS技术获得全局最优解,然后利用QEA算法搜索最优相位因子。通过Matlab仿真与性能分析,结果表明,该联合方法在性能上明显优于PSO?PTS[14]和GA? PTS[15] 方法,但计算复杂度上还没达到理想的效果,仍需进一步研究。

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