不同生境盐地碱蓬对氮饥饿的响应

刘冉冉,时伟伟,张晓东,宋 杰

山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东省逆境植物重点实验室, 济南 250014

不同生境盐地碱蓬对氮饥饿的响应

刘冉冉,时伟伟,张晓东,宋 杰*

山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东省逆境植物重点实验室, 济南 250014

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

内陆生境和潮间带生境盐地碱蓬棕色种子分别采集于山东省黄河三角洲内陆盐碱地(37°20′N；118°36′E)及潮间带(37°25′N；118°58′E),两种生境中Na+、Cl-含量分别是1.6、2.1、3.9、6.1 g/kg干土。晒干的种子存于冰箱(< 4℃)中待用。

1.2 试验设计

1.3 测定方法

1.3.1 植株叶绿素含量的测定

将相同叶位的叶片用去离子水洗净、擦干、均匀剪碎后,取样称取0.3 g,放入试管中,加入5 mL 80%的丙酮,5 mL二甲基亚砜,封口摇匀,于65℃浴锅内恒温提取直至叶片变白为止。冷却、过滤后用80%的丙酮定容至25 mL,以80%的丙酮为空白对照分别测663 nm和645 nm处的吸光度,每个处理3个重复。用下列公式计算叶绿素a、叶绿素b、以及总叶绿素的含量：

Chla = 12.7A663- 2.69A645

Chlb = 22.9A645-5.68A663

Chl(a+b) = 8.02A663+ 20.21A645

1.3.3 植株叶片光合放氧速率的测定

采用英国Hansatech公司生产的Oxy-lab系统(Chlorolab 2型液相氧电极)测定[13]。光照由冷光源提供,反应杯内光照强度为1000 μmol/m2s,反应杯温度用恒温水浴控制,温度为(22 ± 0.2)℃。每个处理3个重复。

1.3.4 植株地上部及根部鲜、干重的测定

试验结束时,将植株地上部分与根分别收获,快速冲洗干净后吸干表面水分,放入105 ℃的烘箱中杀青15 min,再以80℃烘至恒重,称干重并计算根冠比。每种处理3个重复。

1.4 数据分析

试验数据均为3个重复的平均值。釆用Excel进行原始数据的统计和计算, 数据均采用SAS统计软件进行三因素分析。

2 结果

2.1 叶片叶绿素含量

图1 氮饥饿对两种生境盐地碱蓬叶片叶绿素含量的影响Fig.1 Effect of nitrogen starvation on the contents of chlorophyll in the leaves of two S. salsa populations平均值+SD；同一列中平均值上的字母不同表示在P<0.05水平上差异显著

2.2 叶片硝酸根含量

2.3 叶片硝酸还原酶活性

图2 氮饥饿对两种生境盐地碱蓬叶片含量的影响Fig.2 Effect of nitrogen starvation on content in the leaves of two S. salsa populations

图3 氮饥饿对两种生境盐地碱蓬叶片NR活性的影响Fig.3 Effect of nitrogen starvation on NR activity in the leaves of two S. salsa populations

图4 氮饥饿对两种生境盐地碱蓬叶片光合放氧速率的影响 Fig.4 Effect of nitrogen starvation on photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate in the leaves of two S. salsa populations

2.4 叶片光合放氧速率

2.5 地上和根系干重及根冠比

图5 氮饥饿对两种生境盐地碱蓬地上部分、根系干重及根冠比的影响Fig.5 Effect of nitrogen starvation on shoot and root dry weight and root/shoot ratio of two S. salsa populations

Table 1 Results of three-wayANOVAof physiological characteristics in twoS.salsapopulations after nitrogen starvation in relation to populations, concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and time course of nitrogen starvation

性状TraitsA生境PopulationsB硝态氮浓度ConcentrationsofnitratenitrogenC氮饥饿时间TimecourseofnitrogenstarvationA×BA×CB×CA×B×C叶绿素a含量Chlorophyllacontent116.84***306.39***554.35***0.02NS14.5***25.2***3.52*叶绿素b含量Chlorophyllbcontent16.12***47.1***61.72***0.91NS4.41*0.79NS0.68NS叶绿素(a+b)含量Chlorophyll(a+b)content6.22***179.11***296.46***0.21NS10.49**10.14**2.19NS硝酸根含量NO3-content113.38***312.99***371.8***14.61**14.06***153.43***3.95*硝酸还原酶活性NRactivity2.16NS563.11***1099.67***20.80**21.21***470.21***32.41***光合放氧速率Photosyntheticoxygenevolutionrate253.36***3974.61***1569.69***1.62NS57.77***180.41***0.46***

*在P<0.05 水平上差异显著；** 在P<0.01 水平上差异显著；***在P<0.001 水平上差异显著；NS 没有显著性差异；数值代表F值

3 讨论

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Effects of nitrogen starvation onSuaedasalsafrom different habitats

LIU Ranran, SHI Weiwei, ZHANG Xiaodong, SONG Jie*

ShandongProvincialKeyLaboratoryofPlantStress,CollegeofLifeScience,ShandongNormalUniversity,Ji′nan250014,China

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31570392); 山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2010CM005)

2015- 11- 05;

日期:2016- 08- 02

10.5846/stxb201511052251

*通讯作者Corresponding author.E-mail: songjieever@163.com

刘冉冉,时伟伟,张晓东,宋杰.不同生境盐地碱蓬对氮饥饿的响应.生态学报,2017,37(6):1881- 1887.

Liu R R, Shi W W, Zhang X D, Song J.Effects of nitrogen starvation onSuaedasalsafrom different habitats.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(6):1881- 1887.