高考“动词的时态”常见考点解读

徐霞

从近几年各省的高考试题，我们不难看出其考点主要分布在动词时态基本用法和已混時态的比较，以及特定情景和特定句式中时态运用，除了掌握时态基本概念和表现形式，还要特别强化具体语境中的活用。

时态考点及高考

一、一般过去时和过去进行时比较

一般过去时强调动作结束，而过去进行时对过去某时刻正在进行或过去某一阶段持续的动作

— Did you watch the basketball match yesterday？

— Yes， I did， You know， my brother __ in the match .

A. is play B. was playing C. has played D. had played

解读：根据yesterday可知，动作发生在过去，答语“当时我兄弟正在打这场比赛”，选B

二、一般过去时，现在完成时与过去完成时比较

一般过去时表过去发生的动作，常和明确的时间状语连用；现在完成时表动作发生在过去，且对现在有影响，即过去为因现在为果；而过去完成时强调某动作发生在过去在另一个动作前就已经完成，即“过去的过去”。

1. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ___ each other for years.

A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know

解读：For years 是完成时的时间状语，know是在met前.选C

2. I dont believe youve already finished reading the book — I __ it to you this morning！

A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent

解读：从句中this morning可知用过去时，表示“我今天早晨才借给你这本书”. 选D

三、现在进行时与完成进行时的比较

现在进行时表正在进行的动作；而完成进行时表从过去某一时间开始一直持续到说话时停止或仍继续进行的动作。

1. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at a Night School， where she___ English for a year.

A. studies B. studied C .is studying D. has been studying

解读：study动作到目前还在进行中，for a year又是完成时态时间状语，选D

2. — Did you find the missing tourists in the mountains yesterday？

— No， but we ___ to get in touch with them ever since.

A. ha tried B. have been trying C. ha tried D. ha been trying

解读：答语中“No”和”ever since”可知，用现在完成进行时表示“一直和他们设法联系”。选B

四、时态的特殊运用

特殊时态和特定句型中的特定时态。条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，有时表示按日程、时刻定时发生的动作，用进行时表即将发生的动作。

1. The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front __ to arrive

A. is expected B .is expecting C. expects D. will be expected

解读：当主句用了一般将来时从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时.选A

2. Look at the timetable. Hurry up！ Flight 6120___ off at 18：20.

A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken

解读：用一般现在时表示定时发生的动作。选A

3. Id rather you ___ tomorrow than today.

A. come B .are coming C. came D. have come

解读：would rather后面的从句用一般过去时，选C

类似的特殊句型还有：It is high /about time that s.b + 过去时

It is the+序数词+time + that s.b + 现在完成时

It was the+序数词+time + that s.b + 过去完成时

五、时态的综合运用及比较

1.根据对话或语境判断时态。这一题目一般不会直接给出时间状语，而要求考生根据具体语境或说话人意图来判断

时态。

— Whats that noise？

— oh， I forgot to tell you， The new machine ___

A. was tested B. will be tested

C. is being tested D. has been tested

解读：从问句可知，指目前正在发生的事情。选C

— Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend？

— Terry？Never ！ she ___ tents and fresh air！

解读：此情景指Terry的一贯行为，所以选用一般现在时。选D

2.根据句意判断时态。这类题目较难，考生只有理解了句子本身的含义，理清动作内在的联系才能做出正确的判断。

The telephone___， but by the time I got indoors， it stopped.

A had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung

解读：从题干可知，描述当时电话一直在响。选Bendprint