❶卫生与健康

安徽 吴安运

★话题概述

卫生与健康是学生在日常生活中最为熟悉的话题之一。对于这类话题，写作时无论是观点的表达，还是事理的分析，都能有话可说。但也要注意以下两点：

1.分析评论、例证一定要清晰，观点鲜明，不要拖泥带水。

2.论证手段、方法评述与英语说明文中的一些写作手法相同，常用举例法、因果法、比较法等等，但不要写成以介绍健康知识为主的说明文。

从议论的角度看，卫生与健康方面的话题大致可以分为以下两种情况：

1.分析篇

Health and diet.

Should we get up early?

Smoking and health.

Ban smoking in public places.

Is doing sports helpful for health?

以上话题在写作时，作者要判断和分析所讨论的事物或观点的性质，要阐述其重要性、正确性、必要性或荒谬性、危害性等。

2.理由篇

Why do we do sports?

It's necessary for you to exercise.

We must be healthy.

Health is money.

Have a healthy body，you will have all.

以上话题在写作时，作者应对这些话题进行缘由阐述，并做到有理有据，以理服人。

★写作模板

模板1：

第一段：引言，综述现象，引出话题。例如：However，bad eating habits...All these bad habits will...

第二段：议论主体，分析原因或提出建议。例如：To keep fit，we should...We'd better have...

第三段：结论，阐明观点，总结论证。例如：In my opinion，we should...

模板2：

Firstly，__________.We should __________.As a proverb says，__________________.So fruit is_______________.Meanwhile，sweets should be___________________________________________.

★高频词语

keep fit/stay healthy保持健康，be in good health身体健康，live healthily健康地生活，a healthy lifestyle一种健康的生活方式，smoking吸烟，do morning exercises做早操，get ill生病，be weak虚弱，early rise早起，get old衰老，exercise a lot多锻炼，be good for health对身体有好处，be harmful to...对……有害，a good habit of sleeping好的睡眠习惯，eat and drink too much暴饮暴食

★经典句型

1.We often say health is happiness.我们经常说健康就是幸福。

2.If you play sports more，you must feel like eat－ing well，then you can be healthier!多运动，胃口好，然后身体会更棒!

3.To keep fit，there are at least three things we can do every day.为了保持健康，我们每天至少可以做三件事。

4.By taking exercise，we can always stay healthy.通过体育锻炼，我们能够始终保持健康。

5.To keep healthy，it is important for everyone to follow a balanced diet.为了保持健康，平衡饮食对每个人都很重要。

6.It is necessary to know the ways to stay healthy.知道如何保持健康是很有必要的。

7.Exercising is helpful to your body.锻炼对你的身体有好处。

8.As a matter of fact，it is health that counts. 事实上，健康才是最重要的。

9.Smoking is dangerous，and leads to many diseases like cancer and heart disease.吸烟有害健康，并且会引发许多疾病，如癌症和心脏病。

10.Smoking can cost you much money every year.吸烟每年都会花掉你很多钱。

11.Playing computer games not only takes much time but also does harm to health.玩电脑游戏既浪费大量时间又有害健康。

12.If you are a smoker，you should try to give up smoking little by little.如果你嗜好抽烟，应该慢慢戒掉它。

13.It is good to run every day.每天坚持跑步是有好处的。

14.Please wash your hands before you eat.饭前请洗手。

15.There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.毫无疑问，近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。

★题例解读

健康是幸福生活的基石。尤其是青少年的健康，更加受到家庭、学校乃至全社会的关注。假如你是你们学校的健康达人，应校英语俱乐部的邀请，你将给全体成员做一个“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”的报告。请参考下面的提示，完成报告。

具体要求：

1.80词左右。开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

2.所给提示仅供参考，需适当发挥。

提示词语：a balanced diet，enough exercise，be happy

Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.

Thanks for listening.

【题目解读】

1.审题立意

此作文属于应用文范畴的报告。该报告的写作目的是介绍健康的重要性，以及保持健康的秘诀。它是半开放性的文章，只要我们把平时发生在自己身上的生活经历加以提炼概括，精心组织语言，巧妙运用高级词句就能完成一篇理想的佳作。

2.信息要点

健康的重要性、保持健康的秘诀和恰当的总结。

3.谋篇布局

第一部分：引出话题——健康的重要性。

第二部分：完善话题——如何保持健康。

第三部分：表达愿望——健康生活。

4.注意事项

①本文要以一般现在时态为主。

②要有恰当的连接词与过渡词，使文章富有条理性和逻辑性。

③语言风格要符合报告的要求。

【佳作赏析】

Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.① As a wise man puts it，a happy life is based on good health.As a result，health ②is of great importance to us.Every one of us has to show concern about good health.Then what can we do to keep fit?

In my opinion，a balanced diet is to us what water is to fish.③Those who hardly eat vegetables and fruits should make a decision to overcome the bad habits.④When eating healthy food，you will be full of energy.Besides，we should do enough exercise，like walking and jogging.Believe it or not，if you keep on exercising regularly，⑤it won't be long before you succeed in keeping healthy.Last but not least，we ought to keep a good mood every day.

I do hope that you can meet with my advice，and live a happy and healthy life from now on.

Thanks for listening.

亮点分析：报告中首先强调了健康的重要意义，然后从三个方面阐述如何保持健康，完全覆盖了写作要点。语言地道，符合英美习惯。

高级词汇和句型的运用，凸显了作者扎实的语言运用能力。过渡词的巧妙使用，使文章衔接紧凑，浑然一体。

①As a wise man puts it这个句型运用得合理、恰当，具有说服力。

②be of great importance是文章的亮点，比be very important更能得到印象分。

③who引导的限制性定语从句，显示出作者对高级句型的掌控能力。

④现在分词作状语，有时为了强调可在之前加连词，以显示作者深厚的语法功底。

⑤it won't be long before...该句型的运用，增加了文章的得分点，同时succeed in doing...（成功做……），强调锻炼带来的实际效果，非常鲜明与传神。

【参考范文】Dear friends，

It's a great honor to speak here.My topic is“The importance and secrets of keeping healthy”.

I'm so glad you care about health like me.Good health may bring us a long happy life，good work and even better grades.Keeping healthy is really important.

As for the secrets of keeping healthy，I think different people have different answers.In my opinion，having a healthy lifestyle is the most important.First，it's helpful to have enough sleep and a balanced diet.Breakfast is the top meal of the day，so we can't miss it.At the same time，find a physical activity you enjoy and keep on doing it.I have kept playing ping-pong for seven years and I really enjoy doing that.Also，everyone should develop a sense of humour and always be a happy person.

I hope you look after your health from now on and live a happy and healthy life forever.

Thanks for listening.

★实战演练

中学生的行为习惯直接影响着他们的健康成长。下周的英语课上，老师打算让同学们介绍个人的行为习惯。请根据下表提示，准备一篇英语发言稿。

要求：

1.短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息（不要逐字翻译），并可适当发挥；

2.词数80左右（开头不计入总词数）。

Good morning，everyone!

I'm glad to be here to talk about my habits.

That's all.Thanks for listening!