➊重（难）点词语用法回放

山东 董明义

◇词语用法

it，one

it与one都可用作代词，代替前面提到过的事物。it指的是与前面提到的事物为同一物，此时it相当于“the/this/that/my...+名词”；one指的是与前面提到过的事物属于同一类事物，此时的one相当于“a/an+名词”。例如：

I don't have a dictionary.I want to buy one.我没有词典，我想买一本。

I like the bike，but I don't have enough money to buy it.我喜欢这辆自行车，但是我没有足够的钱买它。

enough

enough可用作形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，可作表语，也可作定语。作定语时，通常放在名词前面，也可以放在名词后面。例如：

Ten men is enough.十个人就足够了。

I have enough time（time enough）to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这项工作。

enough也可用作副词，意为“足够地；充分地”，用来修饰形容词或副词，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：

Is it warm enough in the room？房间里够暖和了吗？

He knows the situation well enough.他对情况了解得非常清楚。

enough还可用作代词，意为“足够；充分”，在句中作主语或宾语。例如：

—Would you like another cup of tea？你想再来一杯茶吗？

—I have had enough.Thank you very much.我喝够了，非常感谢。

give

give意为“提供；交给”，作及物动词，后面可接名词或代词作宾语。也可接双宾语，接双宾语时的语序通常为“give+某人+某物”，但当直接宾语为代词时，要用“give+代词（指物）+to+某人”结构。例如：

She gave a correct answer.她给了一个正确的答案。

I gave him a watch on his birthday.在他生日那天我送了他一块表。

This book is Jim's.Please give it to him.这本书是吉姆的，请把它给他吧。

patient

patient用作形容词时，意为“有耐心的”，在句中可作表语或定语，表示“对某人有耐心”时，常与介词with连用。例如：

Please be patient.请忍耐些。

I think I am quite a patient person.我认为我是一个相当有耐心的人。

He is just a small child，so you must be patient with him.他只不过是个小孩子，你应该对他耐心点。

patient还可用作名词，意为“病人”，是可数名词。例如：

The patient is much better today.那个病人今天好多了。

worth

worth用作形容词时，意为“值……钱；有……价值”。例如：

The picture is worth at least twenty pounds.这张画至少值20英镑。

be worth doing意为“……值得做”，注意这个句型是主动结构表被动意义，若表示“……很值得做”，通常用well来修饰，即be well worth doing。例如：

The documentaryA Bite of ChinaⅡis not perfect，but it is worth watching.纪录片《舌尖上的中国2》并不完美，但是值得一看。

This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得读。

besides，except

except意为“除……之外”，通常指“从整体中除去”，所排除的人或物不在所列的范围之内。而besides意为“除……之外（还）”，通常指所排除的人或物与所列的为同一类人或物。例如：

They all went to sleep except me.除我之外，他们都去睡觉了。

She can speak French and Japanese besidesEnglish.除英语外，她还会讲法语和日语。

◇中考考例

1.—The fridgesare on sale in the supermarket today.

—Really？ Let's go and buy_______for our new kitchen.

【2018·安徽中考题】

A.one B.it

C.that D.them

【答案与解析】A 答句后句句意为“咱们去给我们的新厨房买一个冰箱吧”，这个“冰箱”是指“促销中的任意一个冰箱”。故选A项。

2.Cathy checked her paper______ _so that she could get good grades this time.

【2018·乌鲁木齐中考题】

A.careful enough

B.enough careful

C.enough carefully

D.carefully enough

【答案与解析】D 首先要明确修饰动词要用副词，所以本句中要用副词carefully；enough修饰副词时要放在所修饰的副词之后。故选D项。

3.Iwillgive a T-shirt_______my brother as a birthday present.

【2018·福建中考题】

A.by B.to C.from

【答案与解析】B give sb.sth.或give sth.to sb.表示“给某人某物”。根据句意和结构可知，应选B项。

4.—The piano lessons are too hard for me.I nearly give up.

—You should be more _______.I believe you'll make it.

【2018·深圳中考题】

A.careful

B.helpful

C.patient

【答案与解析】C careful意为“细心的”；helpful意为“有帮助的”；patient意为“有耐心的”。根据句意判断，应选C项。

5.Amazing China（《厉害了，我的国》）wins high praise from the public.I think the documentary is well worth _______.

【2018·泰州中考题】

A.watch B.to watch

C.watching D.watched

【答案与解析】C 表示“……值得做”时，要用“be worth doing sth.”结构。故选C项。

6.—Alice，would you like to go hiking with us？

—What a pity！ I am free every day_______today.

【2016·兰州中考题】

A.for B.except

C.besides D.among

【答案与解析】B 根据答句后句句意“除了今天我每天都有空”判断，所排除的事物不在所述范围内。故选B项。

◇巩固练习

根据句意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案。

1.Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth_______.I think you should go there.

A.to visit B.visiting

C.visit D.visited

2.—Look！ It's raining heavily.Why not take a raincoat with you？

—Well，I'll take _______right now.

A.it B.that

C.one D.this

3.The dining hall is _______to hold 300 people.

A.enough big B.enough small

C.small enough D.big enough

4.David is ill，so you must be_______him.

A.angry with B.patient with

C.worried about D.similar to

5.I borrowed Li Lei's dictionary.Please_______this afternoon.

A.give him it B.give him to it

C.give it to him D.give him it

6._______playing basketball，we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives.

A.By B.On

C.Besides D.Except