Interpreting a Milestone Meeting

Significance of the Meeting

Wang Xiaohui Deputy Head of the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee

It is the first time in the history of the CPC that the national system and governance issues have been discussed and decisions taken on them at a central committee plenary session. It will have a far-reaching infl uence.

It was an important meeting held at a critical juncture. The world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century， making the external environment for Chinas development more complicated. Domestically， China is in a crucial period of achieving national rejuvenation， and has entered the final stage of securing a decisive victory in establishing a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This year also marks the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.

The theme of the plenary session—upholding and improving socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing the national governance system and capacity—is vital to advancing the causes of the Party and the country， the long-term stability of China， and the wellbeing of the people.

The most important outcome is the document issued that comprehensively summarizes the historic achievements made in building a socialist system with Chinese characteristics， its advantages and the national governance system.

The CPC leadership system

Jiang Jinquan Deputy Director of the Policy Research Office of the CPC Central Committee

The leadership of the CPC is the defi ning feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and its greatest strength. The plenary session decided that six things should be done to coordinate all efforts and improve the leadership system to ensure that the CPC will always provide the overall leadership：

First， establishing a system for ensuring all CPC members stay true to the Partys original aspiration and keep the mission fi rmly in mind. The whole Party must always adhere to its nature and fundamental purpose， its ideal and belief， and its ultimate goals.

Second， improving the systems for uphold-ing the authority of the CPC Central Committee and its centralized， unifi ed leadership. We must maintain a high degree of unity in thought， stance and action with the CPC Central Committee with Xi Jinping at the core， and ensure unity， solidarity and concerted action of the whole Party.

Third， improving the system for upholding the CPCs leadership over all work. We must ensure the CPCs role in “exercising overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all involved.”

Fourth， improving various systems for ensuring governance for the people and by the people. Governance for and by the people is the ultimate objective and means of the CPC leadership.

Fifth， improving the system for strengthening the CPCs governance capacity and its art of leadership. We must build up the Partys capacity to govern in a sound and democratic way and in accordance with the law.

Sixth， improving the system for ensuring full and strict governance over the Party. We must advance internal reform in the CPC and increase its capacity to resolve its own problems.

The basic socialist economic system

Han Wenxiu Deputy Director of the Office of the Central Commission for Financial and Economic Affairs

For years， China has followed a basic economic system in which public ownership has a dominant position， with other forms of ownership existing side by side. As an innovative outcome of the plenary session， the socialist market economy has been included in the basic economic system， together with the distribution system under which distribution according to work is the dominant mode with a variety of distribution modes coexisting.

We will remain committed to consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy， and encouraging， supporting and guiding the development of the non-public sector. There is need to deepen reform of state-owned enterprises， develop mixed-ownership economic entities and form a new type of cordial and clean relationship between the government and enterprises to promote healthy growth of the non-public sector of the economy.

We will adhere to and improve the system of distribution. Distribution according to work will be the dominant mode with a variety of other modes coexisting. We should both expand the pie of economic growth and share it fairly.

We will accelerate efforts to improve the socialist market economic system. It is of vital importance to give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and ensure the government plays its role better， so that the visible hand of the government and the invisible hand of the market complement each other.

The system of peoples congresses

Shen Chunyao Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress

The peoples congress system is a fundamental political institutional arrangement for upholding the leadership of the CPC， governance by the people and the rule of law. It is the political foundation of the national governance system and capacity.

The main advantages of the system， a great creation of the Chinese people in the history of political systems， are fi ve-fold：

First， it fully ensures the people are the masters of the country.

Second， it fully mobilizes all Chinese， as the masters of the country， to devote themselves to the cause of socialist construction， pool wisdom and strength from all quarters， and advance toward the ambitious goal of national development.

Third， it effectively guarantees coordinated and effi cient performance of state organs.

Fourth， it safeguards national unity， ethnic solidarity and social stability.

Fifth， it provides powerful support for improving the national governance system and capacity.

The system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics

Yuan Shuhong Vice Minister of Justice

The plenary session stressed that establishing a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist country with the rule of law are the intrinsic requirements for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has put forward a string of measures to strengthen the rule of law：

First， we need to improve the systems and institutions that ensure full enforcement of the Constitution. Greater efforts should be made to strengthen oversight to ensure compliance with the Constitution， implement constitutional interpretation procedures， advance constitutionality review， and improve the system and capacity for recording review.

Second， we need to improve both the legislative systems and mechanisms and the quality and effi ciency of legislative work， so that good laws are made to ensure good governance.

Third， we need to improve the legal assurance for social fairness and justice. Strict law enforcement and impartial administration of justice are essential to ensure people can see justice served in every judicial case.

Fourth， we need to intensify law enforcement oversight. Efforts should be made to ensure impartial exercise of the administrative， supervisory， judicial and procuratorial power.

Political party system and the united front

Shu Qiming Deputy Secretary General of the National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference

The system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC is part of the basic political system of China.

Under the leadership of the CPC， the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC） has played a very important role in different periods， including the founding of the PRC and the socialist revolution， construction and reform.

The plenary session emphasized the need to give full play to the role of the CPPCC as a political organization and a form of democracy， improve its capacity of political consultation， democratic oversight and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs， and better build consensus. It put forward the following measures： improving the role of the CPPCC as a specialist consultative body， enriching the forms of consultation， and promoting sound rules for consultation.

Socialist consultative democracy is an important way of realizing the Partys leadership. The united front is an important mechanism to ensure the success of the Partys mission.