Unit 2 This is my sister.

2020-08-19 06:46
时代英语·初中 2020年4期
关键词:人称单数复数

本单元知识网络

have  v.  经历;经受

day  n.  一天;一日;白天

family  n.  家;家庭

grandparent  n.  祖父(母);外祖父(母)

grandmother  n.  (外)祖母;奶奶;外婆;姥姥

grandfather  n.  (外)祖父;爷爷;

外公;姥爷

parent  n.  父(母)亲

mother  n.  母亲;妈妈

father  n.  父亲;爸爸

son  n.  儿子

daughter  n.  女儿

brother  n.  兄;弟

sister  n.  姐;妹

aunt  n.  姑母;姨母;伯母;婶母;舅母

uncle  n.  舅父;叔父;伯父;姑父;姨父

cousin  n.  堂兄(弟,姊,妹);

表兄(弟,姊,妹)

grandpa  n.  (外)祖父;爷爷;外公;姥爷

grandma  n.  (外)祖母;奶奶;外婆;姥姥

dad  n.  爸爸

mom (= mum)  n.  媽妈

photo  n.  照片

picture  n.  照片;图画

girl  n.  女孩

dog  n.  狗

next  adj. & n.  下一个(的);接下来(的)

here  adv.  (用以介绍某人或某物)这就

是;在这里

they  pron.  他(她,它)们

these  pron.  这些

those  pron.  那些

who  pron.  谁;什么人

well  interj.  嗯;好吧

bye (=goodbye)  interj.  再见

of  prep.  属于(某人或某物);

关于(某人或某物)

a photo of  一张……的照片

the next picture  下一张照片

in my family  在我的家庭中

a family photo  一张全家福

1. This is my brother.

2. These are my friends.

3. Thats my brother.

4. Those are my brothers.

5. —Is that your sister?

—No, she isnt.

6. Thanks for the photo of your family.

7. Have a good day!  (表示祝愿)过得愉快!

1﹒指示代词this,these,that,those的用法

2﹒Who引导的特殊疑问句

3﹒主格人称代词I,he,she,they的用法

4﹒复数名词的学习

重点知识园地

Section A

1. This is my sister.

这是我的妹妹。

(1)“This is...”是我们把一个人介绍给别人时的常用句型,也可介绍物品。当被介绍人处于近距离时,单数用this is,复数用these are。如:

These are my friends.

这是我的朋友们。(指代人)

Is this a map?

这是一张地图吗?(指代物)

注意:

① 向别人介绍放在一起的两样东西时,先说this,后说that。如:

This is a pen. That is a pencil.

这是一支钢笔,那是一支铅笔。

② 向别人介绍某人时说“This is...”,不用“That is...”。如:

This is Tom. Tom, this is Jack.

这是汤姆。汤姆,这是杰克。

③ 在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如:

—Is this a book?

这是一本书吗?

—Yes, it is./No, it isnt.

是的,它是。/不,它不是。

④ 打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如:

—Hello! Is that Miss Green?

你好!是格林小姐吗?

—Yes, this is Green speaking. Whos that?

是的,我是格林。你是谁?

(2)sister作名词,意为“姐,妹”,其复数形式为sisters。如:

I have two sisters.

我有两个姐妹。

活学活用

按要求完成句子。

1. These are bananas.(改为单数形式)

____  ____ a banana.

2. —Is this your book, Amy?(作肯定回答)

—____ , ____  ____ .

3. This is my friend.(改为一般疑问句)

____  ____  ____ friend?

2. Thats my family.

那是我的家人。

(1)that用于介绍处于远距离的人或物,单数用that is,复数用those are。如:

That is my brother.

那是我的兄弟。

(2)family 是集合名词,表示“家,家庭;家人”。family作主语时,当其强调“家庭”的含义时,谓语动词通常用单数形式;当其强调“家人”的含义时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。如:

My family is a big one.

我家是个大家庭。

My family are watching TV.

我的家人正在看电视。

3. Those are my parents.

那是我的父母。

(1)those作代词,意为“那些”,指较远的人或物,是that的复数形式。当其作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

Those are my books.

那些是我的书。

Are those your brothers?

那些人是你的兄弟吗?

(2)parent作可数名词,意为“父亲或母亲”,常用复数形式parents,表示“父母”。如:

My parents are both teachers.

我的父母都是教師。

活学活用

按要求完成句子。

4. That is a pen.(改为复数形式)

____  ____ pens.

5. My father and mother go to work every day.(改为同义句)

____  ____ go to work every day.

4. Oh, and these are my brothers.

噢,这些人是我的哥哥。

these作代词,意为“这些”,用来指较近的人或物,是this的复数形式,当其作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:

These are Jims parents.

他们是吉姆的父母。

These pens are Lilys.

这些钢笔是丽丽的。

5. Whos she?

她是谁?

“Who is...?” 句型常用来询问人,表示“……是谁?”。其中who作疑问代词,意为“谁,什么人”,在句中一般作主语或宾语。如:

Who is your English teacher?(作主语)

谁是你的英语老师?

Who is your mother talking with?(作宾语)

你妈妈在和谁谈话?

6. Well, have a good day!

嗯,祝你们玩得愉快!

“Have a good day!” 为常见的问候语,意为“祝你玩得开心!”其答语为“Thanks! You, too.”意为“谢谢!也祝你玩得开心。”

have a good day的同义句:

Have a nice day.

Have a good time.

GrammAr focus

主格人称代词

表示“我”“你”“他”“我们”“你们”“他们”的词叫人称代词。人称代词并不全指人,也指物。人称代词还有主格和宾格之分。本单元学习主格人称代词。主格人称代词有I,he,she,we,you,they,it。主格人称代词的具体用法如下:

(1)第一人称单数I,意为“我”。如:

I go to school every day.

我每天都去上学。

(2)第一人称复数we,意为“我们”。如:

We are swimming now.

我们现在正在游泳。

(3)第二人称单数/复数you,意为“你/你们”。如:

Are you ready, Sam?

萨姆,你准备好了吗?

(4)第三人称包括he,she,it,they,分别表示“他” “她”“它”“他们”。如:

He/She is the tallest in the class.

他/她在班里是最高的。

I have a handbag. It is black.

我有个手提包。它是黑色的。

They are good friends.

他们是好朋友。

活学活用

找出下列句子中的一处错误并改正。

6. Jim and me are friends. __________

7. I know he name is Paul. __________

8. They are my sister. __________

9. Shes my cousin. She father is my uncle. __________

Section B

1. Here are two nice photos of my family.

这里有两张我家人的漂亮照片。

(1)“Here is/are...” 意为“这是……;这(儿)有……”,常被用来介绍身边的事物。be动词的形式根据最靠近be动词的名词的单复数而定。如:

Here is a book.

这儿有一本书。

Here are some erasers.

这儿有一些橡皮。

(2)photo是名词,意为“照片”。photo是可数名词,复数形式为photos。photo的常用短语:

in the photo  在照片里

a photo of  一张……的照片

比较:photo与picture的区别

photo常指用相机拍摄而成的相片,即“照片”;picture通常指一幅图画,也可以指照片,凡是有图的东西都可以称为picture。如:

This is my fathers photo.

这是我爸爸的照片。

This is a picture of my father.

这是一张我爸爸的画像/照片。

2. In the next picture are my brothers, Bob and Eric.

下一张照片中是我的兄弟,鲍勃和埃里克。

next作形容词,意为“下一个的;接下来的”,在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词。如:

Who is the next one?

誰是下一个?

I will come back next week.

我下周回来。

next还可作副词,意为“然后,接下去”,表示先后顺序。如:

Next, well have a party.

然后,我们会有一个聚会。

英语中的家庭成员

father 父亲 mother 母亲

aunt 婶婶、舅妈、

姑姑、姨妈 uncle 叔叔、伯伯

姑父、舅舅

brother 哥哥、弟弟 son 儿子

sister 姐姐、妹妹 daughter 女儿

grandma 祖母、外婆 nephew 侄儿、外甥

grandpa 祖父、外公 niece 侄女、外甥女

husband 丈夫 wife 妻子

cousin 堂(表)兄弟、堂(表)姐妹

活学活用

根据句意填单词完成句子。

10. My fathers mother is my ____ .

11. My fathers ____  is my grandpa.

12. My fathers sisters are my ____ .

13. My fathers ____  are my uncles.

14. My uncles children are my ____ .

15. My parents ____ is my sister.

基础过关

单项选择

( ) 1. —Is he your brother?

—No, ___ .

A. it is B. he isnt

C. he is D. it isnt

( ) 2. Anna is not my sister. ___ my cousin.

A. He B. Hes

C. She D. Shes

( ) 3. Are ___ Lucys ___ ?

A. this; photos B. that; photo

C. these; photos D. those; photo

( ) 4. Is ___ your mother? Whats ___ name?

A. her; she B. she; her

C. her; her D. she; she

( ) 5. —Are those rulers yours?

—Yes, ___ .

A. they are B. they arent

C. those are D. those arent

根据首字母填写单词

1. Look! Your red cup is h____ .

2. Is this g____ your sister Jane?

3. —Are those your parents?

—No, t____ are my uncle and my aunt.

4. —W____ is she?

—She is my sister.

5. The first picture is my sister and the n____ picture is my brother.

用所給词的适当形式填空

1. She is my cousin. ____ (she) name is Li Fang.

2. Is ____ (he) English name Ted?

3. My ____ (father) brother is my uncle.

4. ____ (this) are my family photos.

5. His sisters ____ (be) nice.

按要求完成句子

1. This is his parent.(改为复数形式)

____  ____ his____ .

2. That is her photo.(改为一般疑问句)

____  ____ her photo?

3. They are my uncles.(改为缩写形式)

____ my uncles.

4. Are those your sisters?(作肯定回答)

____ , ____  ____ .

5. Those are maps.(改为单数形式)

____  ____ a map.

6. 那是我的堂弟,我婶婶的儿子。(完成译句)

____  ____ my____ , my aunts ____ .

7. 这是你的爷爷奶奶吗?(完成译句)

____  ____ your grandparents?

8. 这是一张安娜家人的照片。(完成译句)

This is a ____  ____ Annas  ____ .

9. picture, dogs, a, my, of, here, is (连词成句)

___________________________________________ .

10. parents, my, are, they (连词成句)

___________________________________________ .

能力提升

完形填空

Hello! My  is Gina Smith. Im  English girl. Im 12 and Im in Yuying Middle School. My telephone  is 635-6758.

Here are  photos of my family. My grandfather,     grandmother, my parents and I are in the6photo. In the next photo  my aunt Betty, my two cousins Tom and Eric and I. My  is in the next picture, too.  the dogs name? It is Karl.   black and white.

( ) 1. A. sister B. daughter C. name D. picture

( ) 2. A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the

( ) 3. A. number B. color C. key    D. day

( ) 4. A. two B. three C. four D. five

( ) 5. A. my B. his C. her D. your

( ) 6. A. last B. next C. middle D. first

( ) 7. A. am B. be C. are D. is

( ) 8. A. ruler B. map  C. cup D. dog

( ) 9. A. What B. Whats C. How D. Hows

( ) 10. A. That B. Thats C. It D. Its

阅读理解

A

根据所给的家谱图,完成选项。

( ) 1. John Brown and Anna Smith are Sallys ___ .

A. parents B. grandparents

C. brother and sister D. uncle and aunt

( ) 2. Mary is Sallys ___ .

A. aunt B. mother

C. sister D. grandmother

( ) 3. Ann is John Browns ___ .

A. son B. granddaughter

C. daughter D. sister

( ) 4. Tom and Kate are Anns ___ .

A. cousins B. uncle and aunt

C. brother and sister D. father and mother

( ) 5. From the family tree, Sally has ___ cousins.

A. two B. three

C. four D. five

B

Hi, Im Mary Brown. I have three photos. Look at the first one. Two girls are in it. They are my good friends Linda and Jane.

Who are they in this photo? These are my aunt and uncle. My uncle is my fathers brother. The two children are their son Jack and their daughter Alice.

The last one is my family photo. These are my grandparents. Theyre both 80. These are my parents. The boy is my brother Mike. Whos the girl? Ha, its me.

( ) 6. The first one is a photo of Marys .

A. parents B. brothers

C. friends D. sisters

( ) 7. Jack is Marys .

A. friend B. cousin

C. brother D. uncle

( ) 8. What is Mikes last name?

A. Brown. B. Black.

C. Smith. D. Green.

( ) 9. You can see people in the last picture.

A. three B. four

C. five D. six

( ) 10. What is right?

A. Mary has three cousins.

B. Alice is Marys cousin.

C. Jack and Linda are cousins.

D. Marys father has one child.

還原短文

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

My name is Jenny Brown. My jacket is black and yellow. My phone number is 556-6703.  Ms Greens jacket is black. She is my English teacher. She is nice.  Kates jacket is blue. She is Ms Greens daughter.  Her phone number is 828-5760.  This is a red cup. Its not my cup. Is it Ms Greens cup? No. Is it Kates cup? No. Its Cindys cup.  Her phone number is

564-0359. She is my good friend, too.

A. Whats this?

B. She is Kates cousin.

C. She is my good friend.

D. Her phone number is 936?-5975.

E. Here is a photo of Ms Green and Kate.

1.               2.               3.               4.               5.

短文填空

阅读短文并根据提示,在空白处填入单词的正确形式。

This is a photo of my f. Im Frank. Im in No. 11 Middle School. This is my father. (he) name is Dale Brown. He is  teacher in my school. And  (这个) is my mother. Her name is Mary.  (谁) is that woman near (在……附近) my father? Oh, she is my aunt. She is my  (father) sister. She is a teacher,  (也). My grandparents  (be) not in the photo. T are in Shanghai. I have a dog.  (it) name is Dick. I love my family.

1.               2.               3.               4.               5.

6.               7.               8.               9.               10.

補全对话(有两项多余)

A: Hello, Jane. Whats that in your hand?

B:        1

A: Oh, let me have a look.        2

B: Yes, shes my sister, Jenny.

A: Whos this boy? Is he your brother?

B:        3        Hes my cousin, Frank.

A:        4

B: They are my parents. And thats my dog, Nicky.

A: Oh, I see.        5

B: Thanks. You, too.

A. No, he isnt.

B. Who are they?

C. Shes my mother.

D. Is the girl your sister?

E. Well, have a good day!

F. Its a photo of my family.

G. Whats the name of your dog?

1.               2.               3.               4.               5.

书面表达

假如你是Bob,右图是你的一张家庭合影。请根据照片,向你的同学介绍一下你的家人。

要求:

1.句子通顺、语意连贯、语法正确;

2.不少于30词(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。

Hi, Im Bob. Here is a photo of my family.

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