BDNF对缺糖缺氧小鼠mPFC脑区神经元突触形成的影响

2020-10-20 04:48喻晓路傅慧
医学信息 2020年17期

喻晓路 傅慧

摘要:目的  探讨脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)在缺糖缺氧复灌条件下对mPFC脑区突触前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的保护作用。方法  将18只小鼠随机分为正常组、缺糖缺氧复灌组、缺糖缺氧复灌给药组,每组6只。正常组mPFC脑区低糖DMEM培养基培养,缺糖缺氧复灌组(OGD/R)mPFC腦区EBSS培养基培养15 min后复灌1 h,缺糖缺氧复灌给药组(OGD/R+BDNF)mPFC脑区EBSS培养基中加入BDNF培养15 min后复灌1 h,采用免疫印迹分析和RT-qPCR检测分析突触前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的表达量和mRNA表达量。结果  缺糖缺氧复灌组Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA表达量低于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧复灌给药组Synapsin-1蛋白表达量高于缺糖缺氧复灌组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧复灌给药组Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA表达量与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论  缺糖缺氧对mPFC脑区神经元突触有损伤作用,BDNF对神经元突触起到保护作用。

关键词:脑源性神经生长因子;mPFC;缺糖缺氧;突触前膜蛋白

中图分类号:R614                                 文献标识码:A                                   DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.17.018

文章编号:1006-1959(2020)17-0063-04

Abstract:Objective  To investigate the protective effect of brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) on the presynaptic membrane protein Synapsin-1 in mPFC brain under the condition of hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion.Methods  18 mice were randomly divided into normal group, hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion group, hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion administration group, 6 mice in each group. Normal group mPFC brain area was cultured in low-sugar DMEM medium, hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion group (OGD/R) mPFC brain area EBSS medium was cultured for 15 min and then reperfused for 1 h, hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion administration group (OGD/R+BDNF) mPFC brain area EBSS medium was cultured with BDNF for 15 min and reperfused for 1 h.Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the expression and mRNA expression of the presynaptic membrane protein Synapsin-1.Results  The expression of Synapsin-1 protein and mRNA in the hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion group was lower than that of the normal group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);Synapsin-1 protein expression in the hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion administration group was higher than that of the hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Synapsin-1 protein and Compared with the normal group, the mRNA expression level was not statistically different (P>0.05).Conclusion  Glucose and hypoxia could damage neuronal synapses in the mPFC brain region, and BDNF could protect neuronal synapses.

Key words:Brain-derived nerve growth factor;mPFC;Hypoglycemia and hypoxia;Presynaptic membrane protein

1.3统计学处理  采用统计学软件SPSS 13.0进行处理,计量资料采用(x±s)表示,采用单因素方差分析,one-way ANOVE进行组间比较,P<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。

2结果

2.1三组小鼠mPFC脑区病理形态  镜检结果显示,三组脑片中细胞核形态清晰、完整,提示模型制作成功,短时间的缺塘缺氧没有造成大面积的组织坏死和细胞凋亡,完全符合后续实验要求,见图1。

2.2三组小鼠mPFC脑区Synapsin-1蛋白表达比较  WB检测结果显示,正常组Synapsin-1蛋白的相对表达量为(1.0573436±0.171485464),缺糖缺氧复灌组Synapsin-1蛋白的相对表达量为(0.702825767±0.03653467),缺糖缺氧复灌给药组Synapsin-1蛋白的相对表达量为(0.845764±0.073608716);缺糖缺氧复灌组Synapsin-1蛋白的表达量低于正常组、缺糖缺氧复灌给药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧复灌给药组与正常组Synapsin-1蛋白表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见图2。

2.3三组小鼠mPFC脑区Synapsin-1 mRNA相对表达量比较  正常组Synapsin-1 mRNA的相对表达量为(1.00000±1.00000),缺糖缺氧复灌组Synapsin-1 mRNA的相对表达量为(0.4126427±0.299804),缺糖缺氧复灌给药组Synapsin-1 mRNA的相对表达量为(0.604788±0.271342)。正常组Synapsin-1 mRNA的相对表达量高于缺糖缺氧复灌组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧复灌给药组Synapsin-1 mRNA相对表达量与正常组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),见图3。

3讨论

突触前膜蛋白Synapsin-1是一种进化中高度保守的蛋白质,定位于突触囊泡膜上,是一种与突触结构和功能密切相关的特征性膜蛋白,其数量和分布密度可以间接反映突触的密度[11,12]。脑源性神经生长因子在中枢神经系统中广泛表达,不仅能促进神经元的发育和分化、细胞存活及突触可塑性,同时具有抗凋亡、抗氧化、抑制自噬等神经保护作用,目前已有的研究表明BDNF与多种退行性疾病有关,可以通过多种途径保护受损的脑组织[13,14]。脑部缺糖缺氧是脑缺血病患的主要症状,可以导致患者残疾或者死亡[15,16]。众多研究表明,脑组织缺糖缺氧会诱发一系列的病理变化,甚至短暂性的缺糖缺氧也会对神经元造成一定的损伤,以致患者行为改变。目前,研究认为BDNF在神经系统中起保护作用,但对于其在mPFC脑区缺糖缺氧的治疗效果研究较少[17,18]。本次实验通过模拟短暂性脑缺血疾病,旨在观察外源性BDNF的治疗效果。

本研究结果显示,15 min的缺糖缺氧脑片没有对神经元的形态和结构产生破坏性的影响,说明短暂性脑缺血不会造成大面积的脑组织坏死。在对突触前膜蛋白表达量和mRNA的检测结果显示,缺糖缺氧复灌组与正常组相比,Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA的表达量降低;缺糖缺氧复灌给药组与缺糖缺氧复灌组相比,Synapsin-1的蛋白表达量升高;与正常组相比,Synapsin-1的蛋白和mRNA表达量基本一致。有报道显示,Synapsin-1与脑缺血引起的神经元损伤和脑梗塞有关,并通过Bcl-XL来影响其病理改变[19]。缺糖缺氧对脑组织的损伤主要表现在突触形成上,在与运动、学习记忆等功能密切相关的mPFC脑区,可反映突触形成的突触前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的表达量存在明显降低,说明缺糖缺氧条件下突触形成降低,从而影响患者行为学的改变。通过本次研究可以发下,BDNF可在短暂性缺糖缺氧mPFC脑区中上调突触前膜蛋白和mRNA的表达,促进神经损伤后突触形成的恢复,其原因可能是BDNF作为一种重要的脑源性神经生长因子对于脑内神经元具有保护和营养作用,其不仅参与神经元突触的形成,还可影响突触形成后的功能[20]。

综上所述,缺糖缺氧对mPFC脑区神经元突触有損伤作用,BDNF对神经元突触起到保护作用。

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收稿日期:2020-06-04;修回日期:2020-06-14

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