主题语境十五:日常活动

2020-12-10 02:35四川双流中学蒋建平特级教师
疯狂英语·新策略 2020年11期
关键词:语态复合句译法

四川双流中学 蒋建平(特级教师)

感知·素养解读

在人生的长河中,每一天的日常活动犹如长河里的小浪花,会在瞬间消失得无影无踪。这个小浪花虽然很小,但你若用笔记下它的历程,就会看出它的丰富多彩了。人们的日常活动各不相同,不同的职业在做着不同的工作,对于学生来讲,主要是学习文化课,完成各科作业等学习任务,当然还有阅读、欣赏音乐、郊外旅游等业余生活爱好,以及在家帮助父母洗衣、做饭、打扫卫生等家务活。《考试大纲》及课标中“日常活动”主题涉及的主要内容有:(1)Getting ready(time for school,playing,bed);(2)Dressing,brushing teeth,washing hands and face,taking shower;(3)Eating;(4)Homework;(5)Family time。

高考英语书面表达对“日常活动”主题的考查主要涉及记叙、计划或通知日常活动,用日记形式来记录所发生的事情,将一天的安排、计划以书面形式通知别人,用课程表、时间表把每天的固定活动计划出来,用便条通知临时决定的事项等。

“日常活动”主题书面表达常用文体有记叙文、说明文、应用文,应用文包括计划、信件、留言条、通知等。时态常用一般现在时、一般过去时或现在进行时。在表达时注意正确应用各文体的格式。

探究·语库构建

语境串记

Mark and a seal

For the past several years,Mark has made it a rule to observe seals.He rented an accommodation with his pension near the shore.He paid annual visits there to enjoy the vivid beauty in the 1.____(deep) of the pure sea.

Once,with his underwater telescope and flashlight,Mark dived along the boundary between the steep reef and the area of seaweed conservation.Suddenly,2._____awesome Antarctic seal with sharp 3.______(tooth) appeared opposite him.Every cell in his body 4.______(scare) to death.But soon,he was aware that he wasn't the target of an attack.With a neat wound in its lip 5.____(cause) by a shark,this grey seal was washed upside down by the tides time after time.But it tried to jog Mark as if 6._____(urge) him to help it.7._____Mark abandoned 8._____(flee) away.With its teamwork,Mark used a net to drag the seal to the shallow water.Without pausing he helped it 9.____after a simple operation and settled it in a narrow cave by the seaside.Every time he brought it 10.______(taste) fish,it would yell and suck his hands happily.Witnesses said their anecdotes reflected a magic dimension of the relationship between humans and animals.

马克和海豹

在过去的几年里,马克养成了观察海豹的习惯。他用他的退休金在海岸边租了一间住所,每年都去那儿欣赏纯净的大海深处那生动的美丽。

有一次,马克带着他的水下望远镜和手电筒,潜到陡峭的暗礁和海草保护区间的分界线。突然,一只长着尖利牙齿、使人畏惧的南极海豹出现在他对面。马克吓坏了,但是很快,他就意识到,他不是它攻击的目标。这只灰色海豹的唇上有道被鲨鱼咬出的整齐伤口,还时不时地被潮水冲得颠来倒去。尽管如此,它却总是努力轻轻碰撞马克,似乎在催促他帮助它。于是马克放弃了逃跑。在这只海豹的合作下,马克用一张网把它拖到浅水区,并毫不停歇给它动了一个简单的手术,帮助它解决了问题,然后将它安置在海边一个狭窄的洞里。每次当马克给它带来可口的鱼时,它就会高兴地大声叫唤,还吮吸他的手。目击者都说他们的逸事映射出人与动物关系中一个奇妙的方面。

素材积累

一、阅读词汇整合(明其义)

【核心单词】

1.occur发生

2.regretful后悔的

3.congratulate祝贺

4.independent独立的

5.remind提醒

6.hesitation犹豫

7.meaningful有意义的

8.assistance帮助

9.harmonious和谐的

10.dress穿;着装

11.asleep睡着的

12.awake醒着的

13.sleepy瞌睡的

14.picnic野炊

【高频短语】

1.rather than而不是

2.deep into the night直到深夜

3.out of date过时

4.in debt/out of debt负债/还清债务

5.give up放弃

6.be familiar with对……熟悉

7.have a talent for在……有天赋

8.hold on不挂断电话;等等

9.remind sb of...使某人想起……

【主题整合】

家务

1.sweep扫

2.cook做饭

3.wash洗

4.tidy整洁的

5.clean干净的

6.polish擦亮

7.put away收拾

8.iron the shirt熨烫衬衣

9.make the bed整理床铺

10.lay the table摆餐具

起居

1.brush 刷

2.shower淋浴

3.bathe洗澡

4.shave刮胡子

5.stay up 熬夜

6.wake up 醒来

7.put on 穿上

8.brush one's teeth 刷牙

9.have/take a cold bath洗冷水澡

10.take a shower淋浴

生活娱乐

1.attitude态度

2.enjoy享受

3.leisure休闲

4.watch 观看

5.surf上网

6.chat聊天

7.email n.电子邮件 v.发邮件

8.message消息

9.ring off挂断电话

10.ring back 回电话

11.interview 采访

12.laugh 笑

13.broadcast广播;播送

14.host n.节目主持人 v.主持

15.advertise登广告

16.switch on/off关/开(电灯、机器等)

17.lead a happy life过着幸福的生活

外出

1.trip 旅行

2.visit参观

3.fishing钓鱼

4.diving潜水

5.sailing航行

6.sunbathe晒太阳

7.relax放松

8.nature 自然

9.sightseeing观光

10.go outing郊游

11.go camping去野营

12.take photos拍照

二、写作词汇运用(悉其用)

根据汉语提示或用所给单词的正确形式完成句子。

1.Not many people agree with the government's________(predict) that the economy will improve.

2.With all the money_________(用光),the man had to make a living by begging.

3.Are you studying at a middle school________(附属)Peking University?

4.They wanted to charge$5,000 for the car,but we managed to________(压低价格).

5.It is our duty to make our world a more________(和谐的) place to live in.

6.Definitely,if everyone attaches importance to_________(save) energy,we can predict that human beings will have a wonderful future eventually.

7.Don't phone Tom at two o'clock this afternoon when he________(attend) a meeting.

8.Tom always_________(慢跑) in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay in shape.

9.Our class plan to visit the nursing home this Sunday in order to help the elderly there and_________(丰富我们的课余生活)at the same time.

10.Because science and technology is chang-ing day by day,the mobile phone you bought recently is________(就要过时).

三、核心句型表达(精于表)

根据要求翻译下列句子。

1.当你有困难时,你可以依靠我的帮助。

译法一:(用动词-ing形式)

________________________________

译法二:(用不定式)

________________________________

译法三:(用含有it作形式宾语的复合句)

________________________________

2.我的钱已花完了,因而我买不起这本书。

译法一:(主动语态,主从复合句,run out)

________________________________

译法二:(主动语态,主从复合句,run out of)

________________________________

译法三:(被动语态,主从复合句,run out of)

________________________________

译法四:(简单句,含动词-ing形式,主动语态)

________________________________

译法五:(简单句,含动词-ing形式,被动语态)

________________________________

3.他太喜欢网络游戏了,以至于经常逃学。

译法一:(用so...that句型,attach...to)

________________________________

译法二:(含过去分词短语作状语)

________________________________

译法三:(含现在分词短语作状语)

________________________________

译法四:(倒装句)

________________________________

4.他经常熬夜看电视,结果把身体弄垮了。

译法一:(含分词作结果状语)

________________________________

译法二:(含并列句)

________________________________

实践·主题测评

知识维度诊断评价

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.Cookies_________(shape) like different kinds of animals appeal to small children.

2.I'm too busy________(enjoy) my life now to worry about the future!

3.I'm afraid I have no alternative but_________(wait)until my parents finally agree to my plan.

4.Most students object to________(charge)for parking on the campus.

5.No matter_________happens tomorrow,hold on to today and you won't regret.

6.We agreed,_______not both of us were glad about it.

7.I have such a good command of English that I________(elect) as assistant to my English teacher.

8.The shoes are too badly broken_______(mend).

9.Nowadays parents do everything for their single children,which makes the children rely_______their parents badly.

10.Jane can'tattend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she________(teach) a class at that time.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.We should attach great importance on the development of community-based services.

2.As natural resources are getting rarely,we have no alternative but to get rid of any practice that wastes energy.

3.She was too excited to say the word when she heard the news.

4.You may rely on that Tom will come and help us if we are faced with a dilemma.

5.The boss commanded that his workers would not leave their office before dark.

Ⅲ.情境写作

假定你是李华,你每周日上午都会去交换生Alice那里教她制作中式早餐。本周日的安排因你爷爷生日而改到下午。请你根据下表给她写封邮件。

注意:

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:包子steamed stuffed bun

Dear Alice,

Yours,

Li Hua

(主题语境十五:素养维度发展评价,见第56~57页)

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