编织住宅

建设单位：个人

项目地点：哥伦比亚Cundinamarca 地区

设计单位：Zuloark 事务所

建筑面积：103 平方米

摄影：Federico Carioli

Client:Private

Location:Region of Cundinamarca,Colombia

Architect:Zuloark

Building Area:103 m²

Photography:Federico Carioli

“编织住宅”是一个实验性的住房项目，地点位于哥伦比亚Cundinamarca 地区一个偏僻的农村的分散社区La VeredaFical中，业主是一户种植咖啡的家庭。这个项目是一次建筑师与自然以及承担社会责任的演练。对我们来说，整个过程是同当地社群一起通过原型进行学习的机会。社会包容，开放和智能的设计过程，保护生物多样性和低环境影响的体系结构，这些模式为哥伦比亚农村地区的未来发展提供了替代模型。La VeredaFical 社区由20 互家庭组成，简陋的山路交通使外人难以进入，因此也保留了丰富的生物多样性。Casa Tejida 提出了一种与环境相关并协同发展的体系结构。这不仅限于其物理形式，还涉及整个过程中的学习过程。如同当今的的学习方式不再由线性或垂直的知识交换组成，Casa Tejida 的建造和设计过程在所有参与者之间产生了新的协作和交流的意愿。学习，交流和集体建造社区中的项目与建筑的实现同等重要。

由于困难的交通，在工作的六个月中我们一直居住在紧邻现场的社区中，向当地村民学习本地知识。“编织住宅”的位置与场地等高线保持垂直，如此它可以更好的适应地势，避免了大量土方工程。它重复的木结构灵感源自当地前西班牙时期的建筑形式。这些建筑中一些木桩埋在土中支撑房屋立柱，另一些木柱则只是落在石块上。如从的理由是在房屋建成的早期，埋在土中的木桩称重，而当多年后木桩腐烂，就靠落在石块上的立柱承受荷载。在从波哥大去现场的路上，我们偶遇当地制作天然纤维编织家具的玛丽亚女士，我们与她一起努力将编织技术运用到房屋的围合元素中，共同设计和制作房屋的编织外墙。

哥伦比亚尽管森林茂密，却缺少干栏式建筑传统，这种形式被认为是简陋和贫穷的象征。“编织住宅”将探索预制解决方案作为前提，这能使它更好的适应当条件，尽可能降低对环境的影响并。同时我们保证高级工艺水平的建造，木匠与五金匠如同拼图补全在团队中，他们实现了现场的快速组装。我们与一些小公司共同探索在哥伦比亚实现这种创新的建筑方式。

业主与建造团队共同为这座住宅负责。为了拥有一座对环境友善和经济的房屋，我们需要减少面积。我们消除了过渡空间和走廊，铺设木地板，使房屋每个角落都成为宜居空间。这同时也是一座用最少材料建造的房屋。去除固定外墙，内部隔墙，隔热和饰面的做法使它在天气允许情况下可以成为完全向外部环境敞开的房屋。

Casa Tejida is an experimental housing project associated to a coffee family plantation in an isolated rural community in the region of Cundinamarca,Colombia.The project is an exercise of how can we be responsible in our profession as architects towards the environment and the society where it is implemented. During the process of design and construction,a working,decision making and coexistence community has emerged.The whole process was an opportunity for learning and training through prototyping,including social inclusion,open and intelligent design,biodiverse and low environmental impact architecture,which resolves in alternative models for the future development of rural areas of Colombia.

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La VeredaFical is a rural and dispersed community that consists of approximately 20 families arranged along an unpaved mountain path of very difficult access,and it has made this hillside a place of incredible life and biodiversity.Casa Tejida proposes an architecture that relates to the environment and context in which it is developed,yet not exclusively through its physical form,but from the learning items that have occurred throughout the process.Just as formal ways of learning no longer consist of a linear or vertical way of knowledge exchange.The building and designing process of Casa Tejida has had the will to generate new forms of collaboration and exchange between all the participants in the process.The construction of the learning,exchanging and collective construction community have been as important as the realization of the project.

The difficult access to the construction site made us to live during the work in the adjacent community,we valued and shared the local knowledge coming from the inhabitants.Casa Tejida is located perpendicular to the contour lines,adapting better to existing topography and avoiding large earthworks.The repetitive wood structure of casa Tejida is inspired from pre-Hispanic architecture,where some columns are buried in the ground while others simply rest on stones,with the idea that in the early years those buried wooden pillars hold the house,but years later when they become rotten,the columns resting on the stones hold the bearing load.On the way to the site from Bogota,we casually met Maria,who has a natural fibers woven furniture business and together with her we worked on adapting her weaving techniques into a construction element.

In Colombia,in spite of its natural richness and forests,there is not much tradition in wood building and dwellings on palafittes,methods that are understood as poor communitiesconstructions. Casa Tejida has as premise to explore prefabricated solutionsso that it is better adapted to the places and climates they are located,generating less impact and providing high quality architectural solutions.We alsopursue a high degree of craftsmanship,where wood and metal guilds have produced the pieces of a puzzle to be assembled very quickly on site.Together with a small cluster of companies we explored this innovative way of building in Colombia.

It has been an exercise of responsibility from our clients,in collaboration with the architecture team to understand that,in order to have a better house,which has environmental,economic impact,we have to build less.We reduce the constructed area,eliminate corridors or transitional spaces,and also provide a wooden floor that makes every corner of the house a possible livable space.This house also builds less in materials,dispensing with constructive elements such as interior divisions,insulation and interior veneer in facades,floor and roof,as weather conditions allow it,being a house completely open to the environment.