整形术后病人镇痛效果的临床观察

梁　英　黄津芳　曹丽华　王际文

梁英，女，1955年生，19 98年毕业于第二军医大学护理系。现任沈阳军区总医院整形外科护士长，主管护师。参编《 护理健康教育学》、《病人健康教育问答》，发表论文20余篇，获国家实用新型专利一项， 军队科技进步三等奖一项、四等奖二项，军队医疗成果四等奖一项。

摘要目的：探讨术前指导与术后预防性用药相结合的方法，对整 形病人术后疼痛的影响。方法：将68例病人随机分为两组，观察组由护士进行术前指导并于 术后定时足量口服痛力克；对照组术后疼痛时口服痛力克。结果：经秩和检验，观察组镇痛 效果明显优于对照组(P＜0.01)。结论：术前有效的宣教，可使病人掌握疼痛的应对方式， 做好心理准备。术后及时准确定量的预防性用药，可大大减轻病人痛苦，提高其生活质量。 说明术前指导对减轻病人疼痛有明显的增效作用。

关键词疼痛心理指导预防性用药

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON ANALGESIA EFFECT OF PATIENTSAFT ER PLASTIC SURGERY

Liang YingHuang JinfangCao Li hua et al

The Plastic Surgery of Shen Yang Military Hospital(Shen yang 110015)

AbstractObjective： To study the anodyne effect by the m eans of the cooperation which pre -operation direction and preventive medicine a fter operation. Methods:68 patients were divided into 2 groups sat random.Pati ents of observational group were given the pre-operation direction by nurse andtaken orally enough,at the same time,patients of control group were given an ke trorolac trometba-mine injection of pethid routinally before go to sleeping.Re sult:The analgesia effect of observation group was much better than that of con trol group,([WTBX]P[WTBZ]＜0.01).Conclution:The patients could master the met hod deal with pain by the effect pre-operation direction and well prepared for p ain psychologically.The preventive medicine which given timely,exactly and ratio nally could be greatly allevite patients pain and improve their life quality.Itsupplied that the pre operation direction was pretty useful to relief patients p ain.

Key wordsPainPsychological directionPreventive medicine

疼痛不是单纯的生理现象，而是受心理、生理、社会环境和文化 素质等多种因素影响的独特主观感受^〔1〕。特别是术后疼痛属急性疼痛，是组织损 伤和精神焦虑的综合反应。严重的疼痛可导致患者精神紧张、失眠、心率加快或术后并发症 ，影响患者的康复^〔2〕。因此，在正确判断病人的疼痛程度，有效的治疗术后疼痛 的环节中，护士承担着十分重要的责任。本文采用术前指导与术后预防性用药相结合的方法 ，对减轻整形病人术后疼痛的效果进行临床观察，现报告如下。

1临床资料