中国传统雕塑艺术的传承与发展

潘建波

Chinese plastic art is of long standing and splendid.

Make a comprehensive survey of the history of plastic art, the Chinese traditional sculpture rooted in the fertile soil of Chinese culture has formed various planar and three-dimensional shapes of multiple types, styles and material qualities in its flow of historical evolution. They are linking up intense national spirit, conveying the Chinese Nation's aesthetic sentiment and artistic pursue.

Nevertheless, facing the cultural background of current "global economic integration", our plastic art has also confronted with the collision and choice between "tradition and modern times" as well as "foreign culture and local culture". How to cope with this contradiction, this is an important issue in hand-down and development of Chinese traditional plastic art.

Firstly, it should be put into the opening environment for constant inheritance and development, coming down in one continuous line without interruption, so as to achieve innovations at the same time of development.

Secondly, during the course of hand-down and development of Chinese traditional plastic art, it is important to correctly grasp the words of "Chinese traditional".

Of course, we are not exclusionists, nor do we agree with "thinking no small beer of ourselves" and refusing to make progress. All those fresh and lively manifestations and expressive contents, and new sculpture structures and languages brought by hi-tech and new materials, should be digested and absorbed, so that we can live up to "make foreign things serve China, and weed through the old to bring forth the new".

It is only in the process of continued inheritance, absorption and innovation can Chinese traditional plastic art realize its overreach!

中国的雕塑艺术，源远流长，光辉灿烂。

远在原始社会，先人们打磨的石器，应当说就是中国雕塑艺术中“雕”的雏形；以土作偶、制作器皿，可以说是“塑”的早期产物。这些作品虽然制作粗糙、手法稚拙，却已显露出我国先民们非凡的艺术创造力。

商周时期，青铜的灼热液体，熔铸出了世界雕塑史上一个光辉灿烂的年代。秦始皇陵的兵马俑、西汉大将霍去病墓前的石雕群，是我国秦汉时期雕塑艺术的巅峰之作，它那浑厚、质朴、豪迈、奔放的风格，真实地反映了那个时代的一股“东方雄风”。

自魏晋南北朝以来，一直延至隋唐宋元时期，我国的石窟艺术与佛教造像得到了长足的发展。云冈石窟、龙门石窟、敦煌莫高窟以及乐山大佛、天禄辟邪……等，许许多多雕塑精品横空出世。

明清时期，我国的封建社会开始步入了由盛入衰的轨道，雕塑艺术也深深地打上了这个时代的烙印。然而这一时期的雕塑作品开始走向民间与世俗生活相融合，因而也出现了不少题材新颖、构思巧妙、精雕细刻的好作品，使得我国传统雕塑艺术的精髓与文脉得以传承与发展。

纵观雕塑艺术的历史，植根于中华文化沃土的中国传统雕塑，在历史演进的流程中，形成了多种类型、多元风格、多样材质、平面与立体的各种形态。它们绚丽多姿，美不胜收，无不蕴含着深厚的民族传统，贯穿着浓郁的民族精神，传递着中华民族的审美情趣与艺术追求。

然而，随着时代的发展与变化，特别是当前“全球经济一体化”进程的加快，一些发达国家的“强势文化”，有随着其经济的优势而倾销到世界各地的趋势。