陕北地区的民间石雕——狮子

郭庆丰

Maybe, it is the homophonic of "Shi", the emergence of lion is possibly concerned with western art communication to China and introduction of Buddhism, but it's also the consecrated host of natural forest and emissary dispatched by the remote God from darkness for difficultly existent people. Like various folk art categories, under the guidance of some culture, people avail themselves of conditions with divine meaning and convenient materials to play on the theme because it's closely linked with life and region, it's also jointly developing and multiplying with this kind of life. Any kind of art with materials and their lives might be performed with wonders and played on the theme, so even the simplest and cheapest materials during the lonely and hard times can grow with brawniness, produce countless of fruits and open a life-releasing channel due to finding mutually-depending big culture. Therefore, small definition can become a big definition, small air current can be connected with atmosphere to make atmosphere become the spiritual will of small definition, poverty is interlinked with riches and honor and catastrophe is interlinked with good fortune, hence art can accomplish its thousands of years of shaping to lives.

一、郭家洼的镇村狮子

白雪覆盖着的陕北的冬天是冷峻而坚硬的，阳光和冷风这些锐利的器具轮番在山水间雕凿着，令我的家乡于一朝一夕间变得陌生和无比的豪迈。

郭家洼是绥德县东山梁上方圆所有郭姓宗族最老的居住地，据宗庙的一块残碑上记载，早在唐代这里就有人定居了。如今唯一能使这个小村子显示郭氏一脉宗祖地位的便是这残缺的历史遗留在村口的一尊老狮子，和有关这石狮子来源的一段美丽的传说。

这山村坐落于寨子山向阳的臂弯里，而它的正对面都是突汤漏水的柳树墕，因为从风水上讲它的面山不好，所以人们都叫那柳树墕为“饿墕”，传说这村子从立世时那天起人丁就不旺。村中的老者们就去求神，神让他们到山下的阳恨沟找一块灵石，打造一尊跟真人同大的镇村狮子。如何验证那石的灵气呢？神说：如果石有灵性，只须一人用一根草绳就能将千斤大石背上山来，如这石是块无灵性的死石，几十人也休想将其抬上山来。接到神旨的人们请来了八个能工巧匠，日夜打造，那一块块的大石都被打成了真人大小、精工细做的石狮子，但这些张牙舞爪的石狮却并无神说的灵气，人们请来了20个力大无穷的后生都无法将那石狮抬上山来。村中有一郭姓石匠，平素为人忠厚、善良，他见石匠都有丁有卯地拉线、画形、大磅小锤地比划着手艺便离开众人独自向深沟里去采石料。突见一大石原本生得古怪，看上去与郭家洼的地形山势很象，便就势打开了一錾，他看见什么形状就打什么形，似乎这大石在一点点于一种大象中渐渐成形。……