杜传梅 马芹永 尹 楠
(安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽 淮南 232001)
摘 要:声环境作为建筑物理的一个重要组成部分,越来越受到 建筑设计人员的重视。安徽理工大学北校区3号楼原为化工部化校老楼,并校后进行了装修 改造但听课效果不良。通过对教室声学问题进行了细致深入的研究,提出了根据建筑声学理 论,确定房间容积和混响时间,利用混响时间公式,用计算法对教室进行建筑声学设计,为 教室音质设计提供了参考依据。
关键词:教室;混响时间;声学设计
Acoustics Design Analysis of Classroom with Combined Floor DU Chuan-mei,MA Qin-yong,YIN Nan
(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Anhui University
of Science and Technology,Huainan Anhui 232001,China)
Abstract:Acoustic environment design as an important part of arch itectural physics, is getting more and more attention of architecture designers. Building No. 3 in North Campus of Anhui University of Science and Technology wa s a old building of former Technical School of Chemical Industry. As a classroo m after its decoration the acoustic effect is poor. In the paper the classroom acoustics issues were studied in detail. On the basis of architectural acoustics theory, the classroom volume and reverberation time were determined, and by ca lculation method with reverberation time formula, architectural acoustics design of the classroom was performed, which provides reference to the classroom timbr e design.
Key words: classroom; reverberation time; acoustical design
教室与学校教学工作息息相关,对教室做有效声学处理,使其具有良好的声环境,将有利于 学生学习,方便教与学的相互交流。良好的教室声环境要求教室有适当的混响时间,足够的 响度且声场分布要均匀,要求有较高的语言清晰度,无回声、声聚焦等声学缺陷以及无明显 噪声干扰等等。教室的音质设计就是与建筑设计及室内设计配合,选择良好的体型,确定合 理的反射面和吸声材料布置方式,选择适当的混响时间,有时还要确定合理的扩声系统布置 ,以便使老师的声音能够清晰完美地传到每个学生耳中。关于教室的音质设计方面前人已做 了一些工作:如文献[1]中对大学150人阶梯教室音质进行了研究,介绍了新建阶 梯教室 音质设计方法。文献[2]对两种不同类型教室的房间比例、混响时间等建声参量分 别进行 了实际测量和计算, 利用有限元模型模拟方法给出了部分声场分析。……