反意疑问句常见考点小结

聂小涛

学习反意疑问句要掌握3个基本要点，即否定形式必须缩写，主语必须是人称代词，结构为肯定 + 否定或否定 + 肯定，但应用到各种语态和句型中却有各种变化。反意疑问句，现将反意疑问句常见的考点归纳如下：

一、考查陈述句的反意疑问句

1. 陈述部分的主语是指人的不定代词everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, no one, none, anyone, somebody等时, 反意疑问句中的主语通常用they（有时也用he）。例如：

Everyone here knows him well, doesnt he?

Nobody could make him interested in politics, could they?

2. 陈述部分的主语是指物的不定代词（everything, nothing, something, anything等）、名词性从句、动词不定式短语或动名词时，反意疑问句的主语用it。例如：

What you want to do is to finish your work before she comes, isnt it？

Nothing serious happened, did it?

3. 陈述部分的主语是代词these, those或名词复数时，反意疑问句中的主语必须是they；当主语是指示代词this, that或单数名词时，反意疑问句中的主语必须是it。例如:

Those are not their crops, are they?

This book belongs to Li ping, doesnt it?

注意：主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语用one。例如：

One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one?

4. 陈述部分带有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式。注意：该句式的回答时的yes / no往往与中文意义相反，常译为：不 / 对的。例如：

—You have never been to Beijing, have you?—Yes, they have. 你没到过北京，对吗？不，他们到过。

—Little food has been left, has it?

—No, it hasnt. 没有了食物了，对吗？ 对的,没有啦。

5. 陈述句部分的主谓语是I / We think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine等)或者Im sure （We are sure， Im afraid， I feel sure等） that + 宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主、谓语应与宾语从句的主、谓语相一致。例如：Im sure you will help me, wont you?

We think they have finished their homework, havent they?

注意：宾语从句如果转移了否定词，反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。例如：

I dont think he is a doctor, is he?

6. 陈述句部分是由and (but, so, or等)连接两个并列句时，反意疑问句的主语和谓语必须采用就近一致的原则；当陈述部分是复合句时，反意疑问句的主语和谓语必须与主句保持一致。例如：

She is a doctor but her husband isnt a doctor, is he?

They ran out of the room when they were in danger, didnt they?

注意：当陈述句部分由either ... or ...,not only ... but also ...， not ... but ..., neither ... nor ...等连接并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。……