Ｕｎｉｔｓ１８－２０词语辨析

王　芳

1. be similar to, be similar in

be similar to意为“与……相似”；be similar in意为“在哪方面相似”。

a. Your views on education ____ mine.

b. Our cars ____ only ____ color.

c. We have similar opinions. My opinions ____ hers.

答案：a. are similar to b. are similar…in c. are similar to。

2. allow, allow for

allow意为“允许，容许”，常用于allow doing sth. (允许做某事)和allow sb. to do sth.结构中。allow还有“给予(时间、金钱)；同意给予”的意思，后接双宾语。allow for意为“顾及，考虑到”。

a. You cant make it in an hour; you must ____ the heavy traffic.

b. We dont ____ making noise here, so you must keep quiet.

c. This journey usually takes 3 weeks, but you should ____ delays caused by bad weather.

d. The nurse ____ him to stay in hospital for another two days.

e. He ____ his wife $200 a month for clothes.

答案：a. allow for b. allow c. allow for d. allowed e. allowed

3. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of意为“对……感到讨厌，厌倦”；be tired with/from意为“因……而疲乏”。

a. John ____ the city life.

b. I ____ boiled eggs.

c. He ____ hard work.

答案：a. has been tired of b. am tired of c. is tired from/with。

4. refuse, reject

refuse和reject都有“拒绝”的意思，两者都是指某种原因一直不能接受或不肯做而“拒绝”。refuse后可接名词或动词不定式作宾语，而reject后只能接名词作宾语。另外，还有“抛弃，丢掉”的意思。

a. It was hard for me ____ my beliefs.

b. He ____ the invitation from Tom.

c. He ____ to believe what I said.

d. She ____ my suggestion.

答案：a. to reject b. refused c. refused d. rejected。

5. break away from, break down, break into, break off, break up

break away from意为“摆脱；脱离”；break down意为“(指机器等)出毛病；坏掉”；break into意为“破门而入；强行进入”；break off意为“中断说话；折断；断绝”；break up意为“破碎；瓦解；变弱；放寒(暑)假”。

a. He ____ under the strain.

b. He ____ relations with Alice.

c. Please dont ____ what we are saying.

d. The car ____ on the road.

e. Can you ____ your old habits?

f. His house ____ last night.

g. When do you ____?

答案：a. broke up b. broke off c. break off d. broke down e. break away from f. was broken into g. break up。

6. tiresome, tiring, tired

这三个词都是形容词。tiresome与tiring均可表示“使人疲劳的”、“令人讨厌的”，两者一般可互换。tired意为“(人)感到疲劳的”、“(人)感到厌烦的”。

a. It has been a ____ climb.

b. Are you ____?

c. The lecture lasted no less than four hours and everyone was ____.

d. This is a ____ argument.

答案：a. tiring b. tired c. tired d. tiresome/tiring。

7. be in love with, fall in love with

be in love with sb.意为“与某人恋爱、相爱、爱上”，表状态，但fall in love with sb.表动作，即因受强烈吸引而“一见钟情”，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。

a. I ____ her at the first sight.

b. Tom ____ madly ____ Mary.

c. They ____ each other for 5 years.

答案：a. fell in love with b. is…in love with c. have been in love with。

8. sit与seat

sit为不及物动词，而seat是及物动词，常用于be seated和seat oneself两种形式。seat的过去分词seated在句中可作宾补或主补，seat还可作“容纳”解。seat还可作名词，意为“座位”，take/have a seat为“请坐下”；take ones seat为“在自己的座位上坐下”。

a. Please take your ____.

b. I found him ____ on the bench.

c. The cinema can ____ 1000 people.

d. The classroom has ____ for fifty.

e. He ____ himself near the side of the river.

f. Mary ____ at the desk.=Mary ____ at the desk.=Mary ____ herself at the desk.

答案：a. seat b. seated/sitting c. seat d. seats e. seated f. sat, was seated, seated。

9. after all, above all, first of all, in all

after all有两个含义：1)“要知道，别忘了”，用来引出听话的人似乎忘记了的某个重要论点或理由，通常位于句首；2)“虽然……，但毕竟……”，表示说话人意思的转折。表示这个意思时，after all一般位于句末。above all意为“首先，最重要的是”，强调重要性。first of all意为“首先”，强调顺序。in all意为“总共”。

a. There are ten teachers ____ in the office.

b. I know he hasnt finished, but ____, he is very busy.

c. He said he would not come in, but he came in ____.

d. ____ tell us your name.

e. Children need many things, but ____ they need love.

答案：a. in all b. after all c. after all d. First of all e. above all。

10. demand, request, require, order, ask

demand表示坚决要求，坚持要做某事。request意为“恳求，请求”，指通过正式手续提出的要求，口气和缓，态度礼貌。require表示按照法规、权利提出的要求或命令，指客观需要含缺此不可之意。