郭应康
摘要:至“十一五”末,广东新增高速公路通车总里程达到4835公里,以珠三角核心区为中心向外辐射的高速公路网络的主骨架已经形成。目前我省高速公路融资主要是政府融资和社会融资相结合、金融资本与产业资本相结合的各种融资途径。而政府补助、银行贷款、股权融资、债券融资等成为我国高速公路融资的现今主要方式。但这样的融资结构,存在很大的局限性:本文在分析了这些融资方式及其局限性的基础上,探讨了今后高速公路融资方式的创新因素。
关键词:高速公路;融资方式;局限性;创新因素
Abstract: to at the end of the "eleventh five-year plan", guangdong new highway traffic reaching a total of 4835 kilometers, the pearl river delta area as the center to radiate outward of highway network outskirt of has been formed. At present our province highway financing is mainly the government financing and social financing the combination of financial capital and the combination of all kinds of industrial capital financing channels. And the government subsidies, bank loans, equity financing, bond financing has become China's highway main way of financing today. But such financing structure, there is a big limitation: based on the analysis of the financing way, and its limitations, and on the basis of expressway in the future are discussed in the financing way of innovation factors.
Keywords: highways; and The financing way; Limitation; Innovation factors
中图分类号:U412.36+6文献标识码:A 文章编号:
一、目前我省高速公路的主要融资方式
1、政府补助
财政补助一般都是政府无偿补助给项目,对高速公路项目而言,无须偿还,不参与分红。在计划经济体制下,高速公路建设资金多属于国家财政预算资金和预算外资金,但随着国家财政体制改革的深化和高速公路建设规模的增加,国家拨款占高速公路项目建设资金的比重越来越小。目前,我省高速公路建设资金中,财政补助越来越有限,只能作为有限的引资资金。
2、 银行贷款
自1998年国家推出了“贷款修路,收费还贷”的政策,为我国高速公路建设功不可没。近些年国家实行扩大内需的政策,不断加快基础设施的步伐,金融机构贷款利率大幅度下降,中长期贷款利率下降幅度均大于短期贷款利率下降幅度。这一举措为交通基础设施建设提供了越来越宽松的资金供给环境,对高速公路建设十分有利。……