陈杰
摘 要:对于多方安全计算目前国内外已有许多研究成果,从安全方面去看很多解法是尽善尽美,但在实际的运行中却不尽人意。为此,本文提出了多方安全计算的一种新的安全范型,其中利用了允许部分信息泄露的可接受的安全模型. 该模型是通过降低安全方面的约束来实现更好的性能。在新范例中,安全是可调整的,用户可以根据他们可接受安全的定义调整安全等级. 此外,文中还定义了整篇论文中所使用的唯一的问题,即标量数乘问题。特别地证明了新范型在算法模式标准中是怎样导向实用解法的,并描述能服务目标的已有的算法模式。
关键词:多方安全计算;安全等级;安全范型
中图分类号:TP393.08文献标识码:aDoI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-6970.2012.02.038
Secure multi-party computation of adjustable the security level
CHeN Jie(College of the People Armed Forces of Gui zhou University, Guiyang of Guizhou Province, 550025)
【Abstract】at present, there are many research about secure multi-party computation In China and abroad.as for security aspect In China and abroad, many solutions are ideal,but not good at real life impelmentation. therefore, In this paper a new paradigm is proposed for the secure multi-party computation, in which an acceptable security model that allows partial information disclosure is used. It can achieve a much better performance by lowering the restriction on the security. Moreover,in new paradigm,the security is adjustable,such that users can adjust the level of security based on their definition of the acceptable security. Furthermore,a single problem is used throughout this paper, it is defined the scalar product problem. In particular,how the new paradigm can lead to practical solutions in the computation model level is demonstrated and the existing computation models that can achieve the goal is described.
【Key words】Secure multi-party computation; security level;
0 引 言
1982年,A.Yao首先在文献[1]中介绍了多方安全计算的概念,随后,这个问题得到了广泛的推广与研究[2,3]。对目前国内外已有的多方安全计算研究成果,从安全角度来看很多解法是尽善尽美,但在实践中的运行却不是人们所预期的那样有效。因而,完美的安全却并不一定实用,也就是说,满足了理想的安全而失去了性能和效率[4]。
对于多方安全计算,一切解法所面临的最大挑战是如何满足安全需求。就形式定义的安全性而言,以往的多方安全计算研究是提出理想模型和实践模型。在理想模型中,实际参与方联合了一个可信任第三方来执行算法;在实践模型中,实多方安全计算协议是生效的(存在不可信的第三方),若可能伴随有那样一个攻击者的实执行可在实践模式中被模拟,则实践模型中的协议被称为就安全角度而言的备忘录式的规定[5]。……