李车书 沈远明 王永健 汪仕武 邓远祥 吴润 张德才 郑兴飞4 胡中立
摘要:在湖北主要魔芋产区恩施市开展“3414”肥效试验,初步研究了不同氮磷钾配方施肥对珠芽魔芋(Amorphophallus bulbifer)产量的影响,并成功拟合建立了产量三元二次和一元二次肥料效应方程。结果表明,合理的氮磷钾肥施用量可显著提高魔芋产量,施肥量不足或过量施肥会导致魔芋产量降低;在试验地力土壤条件下,珠芽魔芋最高产量为40 863.4 kg/hm2,此时N、P2O5、K2O的施用量分别为295.1、76.5、193.5 kg/hm2;珠芽魔芋最佳经济产量为40 863.0 kg/hm2,N、P2O5、K2O的施用量分别为290.1、75.5、189.0 kg/hm2。
关键词:珠芽魔芋(Amorphophallus bulbifer);配方施肥;”3414”试验;回归分析
中图分类号:S632.9;S147.22文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)03-0466-03
Preliminary Report on “3414” Formula Fertilization Experiment of
Amorphphallus bulbifer
LI Che-shu1,SHEN Yuan-ming2,WANG Yong-jian2,WANG Shi-wu2,DENG Yuan-xiang2,WU Run3,
ZHANG De-cai3,ZHENG Xing-fei4,HU Zhong-li4
(1.Agricultural Technology Extension Centre in Enshi,Enshi 445000, Hubei, China; 2.Agricultural Service Center in Longfeng Town, Enshi 445002,Hubei,China; 3. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430070,China; 4. College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
Abstract:“3414” fertilizer experiments were carried out in Enshi, Hubei province to study the effect of different combinations of NPK fertilizer on the yield of Amorphophallus bulbifer. Three-factor model and one-factor model were established successfully. The results showed that a balanced N, P, K fertilization with proper dosage could effectively increase the yield of konjac; while insufficient or over fertilization would reduce the agricultural production. Under the given soil condition, the highest yield was 40 863.4 kg/hm2 when N, P2O5, K2O application dose was 295.1, 76.5, 193.5 kg/hm2, respectively. The most economic fertilization formula was N 290.1, P2O5 75.5, K2O 189.0 kg/hm2, and the yield of konjac could be 40 863.0 kg/hm2.
Key words: Amorphophallus bulbifer; formula fertilization; “3414” experiment; regression analysis
珠芽魔芋(Amorphophallus bulbifer)主要分布在中缅边境,早先是一个野生种,近几年经引种驯化形成了一个新的魔芋主栽种,在云南、湖南等省已有较大的种植面积。与传统的栽培种(花魔芋、白魔芋)相比,珠芽魔芋具有高产优质、繁殖系数高、适应高温高湿环境、高抗软腐病等优势[1]。目前有关珠芽魔芋的研究主要集中在引种试验[2-4]、栽培方式[5,6]、组织扩繁[7,8]等方面,关于配方施肥的研究则未见报道。因此,在恩施市开展了“3414”肥料效应试验,为提高珠芽魔芋产量、降低种植成本、增加农民收入提供参考。
1材料和方法
1.1材料
供试品种为珠芽魔芋,试验地位于恩施市龙凤镇向家村,海拔574 m,土壤为山地黄棕壤石灰岩,具体土壤养分情况见表1。
1.2方法
试验采用“3414”回归设计[9],设3因素4水平、14个处理组合,其中水平2为参考恩施市土壤养分丰缺指标确定的推荐施肥量,水平1和水平3施肥量分别为水平2的1/2和3/2(表2)。……