云南洱海水生鞘翅目昆虫区系分析

2012-04-29 08:49:49和秋菊易传辉杨宇明李旭王琳
湖北农业科学 2012年3期

和秋菊 易传辉 杨宇明 李旭 王琳

摘要:为弄清洱海水生鞘翅目昆虫特征,在实地调查和查阅资料的基础上,对洱海水生鞘翅目昆虫区系进行了分析。结果表明,洱海共有水生鞘翅目昆虫4科23种,水生鞘翅目昆虫东洋区特征极显著,东洋区分布种22种,其中仅在东洋区分布的有8种,分别占95.65%和34.78%。但也有较多古北区成分,东洋-古北共有种有10种,占43.48%;同时在其他区也有一定的分布。在中国动物区系中,西南区均有分布,但华中、华南和西南区共有种也较丰富,表明3个分布区关系密切。

关键词:昆虫区系;水生鞘翅目;洱海

中图分类号:Q969.48文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)03-0510-03

Faunal Analysis of Aquatic Insects of Coleoptera in Erhai Lake of Yunnan

HE Qiu-ju1,YI Chuan-hui2,YANG Yu-ming1,LI Xu1,WANG Lin2

(1.Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province / Faculty of Conservation Biology, Southwest Forestry University / National Plateau Wetland Research Center, Kunming 650224,China; 2.Institute of Applied Ecology and Vocational Education,Yunnan Forestry Vocational College,Kunming 650224,China)

Abstract: In order to clarify the character of aquatic insects belonged to Cloptera in Erhai Lake of Yunnan, based on field investigation and literature review, the fauna of insects was studied. The results showed that aquatic insects of Cloptera included 23 species of 4 families. Most species markedly presented the characters of oriental realm, and 22 and 10 species respectively in oriental realm and oriental-palaearctic realm; and some species distributed in other realms. In fauna of China, these species could be all found in southwest region. And common species were abundant in central, south and southwest of China showing the close relationship of 3 regions.

Key words: fauna of insect; aquatic Cloptera; Erhai Lake

洱海位于云南省西部大理白族自治州境内,湖面面积250 km2,是云南省第二大淡水湖,中国第七大淡水湖,于1981年成立苍山洱海省级自然保护区,1994年晋升为国家级。以高原淡水湖泊及水生动植物、南北动植物过渡带自然景观、冰川遗迹为保护对象。对洱海昆虫已知极少,20世纪80年代初,颜京松[1]对洱海摇蚊进行了调查,记录摇蚊4种,90年代中日联合调查记录摇蚊2种[2],其后吴庆龙等[3]对洱海生物群落的历史演变进行了分析,涉及异腹鳃摇蚊。21世纪初,杨国辉等[4]对保护区蜻蜓进行了调查,岳仁苹等[5]对蚊类进行了调查,记录洱海蚊类11种,部分专著涉及洱海及其周边水域水生昆虫[6,7]。这些研究为开展洱海区域水生昆虫研究奠定了基础,但未见对洱海区域水生昆虫的详细研究报道,也未见对洱海区域水生鞘翅目昆虫的研究报道。……

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