蔡焰值 雷晓中 汪亮 等
摘要:斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)苗种培育分为三个环节,对苗种培育池塘条件、生态环境因素、营养饵料及投喂方式、放养密度、饲养管理方式等进行了试验研究。结果表明,仔鱼流水池暂养适宜面积约为12 m2、放养密度在10 000尾/m2以下,采用浮游动物与蛋白质含量40%的配合饵料相结合的方式进行投喂;夏花苗种培育适宜池塘面积1 400~2 533 m2,放养密度45.0尾/m2;大规格鱼种池塘培育的第一阶段适宜池塘面积约为3 333 m2,放养密度12.00~15.00尾/m2,投喂蛋白质含量36%~38%的配合饵料,第二阶段适宜池塘面积约为6 667 m2,放养密度6.00~6.75尾/m2,投喂蛋白质含量36%的配合饵料;大规格鱼种网箱培育第一阶段适宜网箱面积20~25 m2,放养密度1 000尾/m2,投喂蛋白质含量36%~38%的配合饵料;第二阶段网箱面积以30~33 m2为宜,放养密度500尾/m2,投喂蛋白质含量36%的配合饵料。
关键词:斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus);饲养条件;放养密度;成活率;营养饵料
中图分类号:S965.199文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)15-3276-06
Research on Key Techniques of Health Nursing for Channel Catfish Fingerling
CAI yan-zhi1,LEI Xiao-zhong1,WANG Liang1,YANG De-zhong2,WANG Hong-ye1,ZHANG Juan1,
ZHOU hua3,SHI Tie-peng3
(1. Fisheries Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China; 2. Dayan Lake National Level Channel Catfish Well-bred Farm of Jiayu County, Jiayu 437200, Hubei, China; 3. Wuhan Coland Feed Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073,China)
Abstract:The key factors, including pool condition, ecological environmental condition, nurtitional diet, feeding, stocking density and management, were studied in three health nursing stages of channel catfish. For temporary culturing of catfish, the suitable flow pool area was 12 m2; stocking density was 10 000 ind./m2; and the proper feeding was zooplankton mixing commercial food with 40% proteins. For larval culturing, the suitable pool area was 1 400~2 533 m2, stocking density at 45.0 ind./m2. For first stage of large size fingerling pool culturing, the suitable pool area was 3 333 m2, stocking density at 12.00~15.00 ind./m2, and feeding commercial food with 36%~38% proteins. For second stage of large size fingerling pool culturing, the suitable pool area was 6 667 m2, stocking density at 6.00~6.75 ind./m2, and feeding commercial food with 36% proteins. For first stage of large size fingerling net cage culturing, the suitable area was 20~25 m2, stocking density at 1 000 ind./m2, and feeding commercial food with 36%~38% proteins. For second stage of large size fingerling net cage culturing, the suitable area was 30~33 m2, stocking density at 500 ind./m2, and feeding commercial food with 36% proteins.
Key words:Ictalurus punctatus; feeding conditions; stocking density; survival rate; nutritional diet
斑点叉尾鮰(Ictalurus punctatus)隶属于鲶形目(Siluriformes)鮰科(Ictaluridae),是原产于北美洲的一种淡水养殖及加工的优质鱼类品种。我国于1984年首次由湖北省水产科学研究所从美国引进后,对其生物学特性、生态环境、繁殖技术、营养饵料、饲养技术、鱼片加工等进行了一系列的研究。自1987年斑点叉尾鮰在我国首次人工繁殖成功后,已推广到全国20多个省、市、自治区的淡水和咸淡水(盐度8‰以下)中饲养,形成了斑点叉尾鮰苗种繁育至鱼片加工出口的规模化产业,并取得了较大的社会效益和经济效益。但是斑点叉尾鮰形成产业化生产后,在商品鱼饲养过程中出现了生长率、抗病力及饵料转换率等下降的现象,对斑点叉尾鮰养殖业的持续发展产生了不利的影响。……