孟陆丽 程谦伟 秦利平
摘要:以栀子油为原料,采用碱催化法进行乙酯化反应,采用单因素试验考察醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对乙酯化反应产物羟基值的影响,并进一步设计响应面试验优化反应条件。结果表明,栀子油乙酯化的最佳工艺条件为醇油摩尔比6.7∶1,催化剂用量为栀子油质量的1.65%,反应温度75 ℃,反应时间2.5 h,在此工艺条件下乙酯化反应产物的羟基值为146.62 mg(KOH)/g。
关键词:栀子油;乙酯化;响应面试验
中图分类号:TS222+1文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)15-3292-03
Optimization of the Preparation Process of Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester from Gardenia Oil
MENG Lu-li,CHENG Qian-wei,QIN Li-ping
(Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Technology, Liuzhou 545006,Guangxi,China)
Abstract: Using gardenia oil as raw material, fatty acid ethyl ester was prepared by NaOH catalyzed transesterification. The effects of molar ratio of alcohol to oil, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time on the ethyl esterification were evaluated through single factor tests, based on which response surface method was adopted to optimize the preparation conditions. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the esterification process were as follows, molar ratio of alcohol to oil, 6.7∶1; catalyst dosage, 1.65% of the mass of gardenia oil; reaction temperature, 75 ℃; reaction time, 2.5 h. Under the optimal conditions, the hydroxyl value of the product was 146.62 mg(KOH)/g.
Key words: gardenia oil; fatty acid ethyl ester; response surface method
利用栀子油制备脂肪酸乙酯,整个反应过程条件温和、工艺路线简单[1,2],同时由于其制备过程中使用乙醇,相比脂肪酸甲酯需采用甲醇作为反应物来说,安全性得到提高[3]。脂肪酸乙酯产品可被用于化妆品、医药等多个行业,一些国家已经将其作为生物柴油使用[4,5]。目前对栀子油的研究主要集中在栀子油的提取工艺与栀子油脂肪酸组成分析方面,对其综合利用方面的研究较少。本研究以栀子油为原料、NaOH作为催化剂制备栀子油脂肪酸乙酯,设计单因素试验考察醇油摩尔比、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对乙酯化反应产物羟基值的影响,并通过响应面分析法进一步优化反应条件,旨在为栀子油脂肪酸乙酯的工业化生产提供一定的理论依据。
1材料与方法
1.1材料与仪器
主要材料及试剂有自制栀子油、无水乙醇、氢氧化钠、吡啶、乙酸酐等。主要仪器包括旋转蒸发仪、鼓风干燥箱、恒温磁力搅拌器等。……