曾青兰
摘要:为提高小麦秸秆木质纤维素的能源化利用效率,在常压温和条件下用磷酸对小麦秸秆进行预处理,研究了预处理秸秆颗粒度、固液比、温度、时间对小麦秸秆酶解糖化率的影响,并用扫描式电镜分析了预处理前后小麦秸秆结构的变化。结果表明,在小麦秸秆颗粒度60目、固液比1.0∶8.5、温度70 ℃、处理时间1.0 h的预处理条件下,小麦秸秆酶解糖化率50 min时从25.4%(未预处理)提高到70.3%(预处理)。SEM分析表明,经磷酸预处理后小麦秸秆崩解为碎片,为后续的酶解糖化提供了良好的条件。
关键词:小麦秸秆;磷酸预处理;酶解糖化
中图分类号:S216.2;X712文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)15-3311-04
Effects of Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment on Enzymatic Saccharification of Wheat Straw
ZENG Qing-lan
(Department of Biological Engineering, Xianning Vocational Technical College, Xianning 437100, Hubei, China)
Abstract: In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency of wheat straw lignocellulose, wheat straw was pretreated with phosphoric acid under normal pressure and mild condition.The effects of particle size, solid-liquid ratio and temperature and time on enzymatic saccharification ratio of wheat straw were studied. The structure changes of the wheat straw were scanned by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before and after pretreatment. The results showed that the enzymatic saccharification ratio of wheat straw increased from 25.4% to 70.3% when the particle size of rice straw was 60 mesh, solid-liquid ratio was 1.0∶8.5, the pretreated temperature was 70 ℃ and the pretreated time was 1.0 h. SEM analysis showed that wheat straw disintegrated to pieces after pretreated by phosphoric acid. It will provides good conditions for the subsequent enzymatic saccharification.
Key words: wheat straw; phosphoric acid pretreatment; enzymatic saccharification
蔗糖、甜菜糖是肥胖、糖尿病、龋齿和心血管病的重要诱因,而低聚果糖、高果糖浆不易被唾液和胃液分解,在小肠内难以被吸收,正常人摄取后血糖几乎没有上升,而且其对有益菌的增殖亦具有促进作用[1,2]。菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)在中国南方、北方、西南、西北等地均有大量种植,属丰产野生资源,价格非常便宜[3]。由菊芋经现代新技术分离精制而得的菊粉主要成分为β-果聚糖,应用前景广阔,市场潜力大,经济效益好。在菊粉生产过程中,菊芋提取液含有各种色素、蛋白质和果胶等杂质。其中的色素分子在溶液中呈电离状态,可以用活性炭或阴离子交换树脂将其吸附除去。目前常用的脱色方法是在常温下用组合离子交换法使菊芋提取液分别通过强酸树脂、弱碱树脂、弱酸树脂、强碱树脂除去色素、无机盐等。但是脱色效果不够理想,并且树脂再生成本较高。……