棉花干物质生产与积累对其生长发育的影响

2012-04-29 00:44:03秦亚平
湖北农业科学 2012年14期
关键词:影响

秦亚平

摘要:以4个棉花品种EK288F1、鄂杂棉10号F1、C111F1、鄂棉23为试验材料,研究了基质育苗模式下棉花干物质生产、积累对棉花生长发育的影响。结果表明,基质育苗模式下3个杂交棉品种的F1单株营养器官干物质生产与积累优势明显,尤其是进入开花期后明显快于对照品种鄂棉23,在盛铃期达到高峰;杂交棉品种F1的株高、果枝数、幼铃数与对照差异不明显,但成铃数和总果节数明显高于对照,显示杂交棉果节分化速度快于对照;3个杂交棉品种F1伏前桃与对照差异不明显,但伏桃和秋桃比对照多,说明杂交棉中后期生长比对照具有明显优势;对照品种鄂棉23的脱落率高于3个杂交棉品种F1。

关键词:棉花;干物质;生产与积累;生长发育;影响

中图分类号:S562.037文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2012)14-2926-03

Effects of Dry Matter Production and Accumulation on Cotton Growth

QIN Ya-ping

(College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China)

Abstract: Cotton of EK288 F1, E-zamian No.10 F1, C111 F1 and E-mian 23 as experimental materials, the effects of dry matter production and accumulation on the growth and development of cotton in substrate-nursery pattern were studied in this trial. The results showed that dry matter production and accumulation of the three F1 of hybrid cottons EK288, E-zamian No.10 and C111 increased significantly compared with the control (common varieties E-mian 23) especially in the blooming stage and got the highest amount in the blooming stage when planted in nursery substrates pattern. There were no significant differences in the plant height, number of fruit branches and young bolls, but there were significant differences in the boll number and total fruit-node numbers between the three hybrid cultivars and the common cotton, which indicated that the differentiation of the fruit branch of hybrid cotton was much faster than the control. There were no differences in the number of pre-hot summer boll between hybrid cotton and common cotton, however, the numbers of hot summer boll and autumn boll of the three hybrid cotton cultivars were more than that of the common cotton, which indicated that hybrid cotton had some growth advantages compared with common cotton in the latter period. Besides, the shedding rate of the common cotton was higher than that of the three hybrid cottons.

Key words: cotton; dry matter; production and accumulation; growth and development; effects

棉花干物重是棉花经济产量形成的基础,棉花各个生育阶段干物质生产与积累的数量都直接影响到棉花的生长发育。干物质生产与积累对不同的品种、不同的器官影响的规律不同。研究以4个棉花品种EK288F1、鄂杂棉10号F1、C111F1、鄂棉23为试验材料,研究在基质育苗模式下棉花干物质生产、积累对其生长发育的影响,以期为选用适宜的棉花品种、制定合理的栽培措施提供理论依据。

1材料与方法

1.1试验材料

以EK288F1、鄂杂棉10号F1、C111F1、鄂棉23(CK)4个棉花品种为供试材料。试验在长江大学试验农场进行,试验地前作为小麦,采取麦棉套作栽培。供试土壤为潮壤土,有机质含量高,氮含量适中,磷含量中等偏低,钾含量高,土壤肥力中等(表1)。……

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