杨振德 廖宏俊 黄国红 赖家业 潘晓芳 张武贵
摘要:处于贫困石漠化山区的凤山县经过多年摸索,依托资源优势,发展特色经济,做强做大核桃产业,走出了一条既能治理石漠化、促进生态建设,又能使山区农民增收的双赢之路。概述了凤山县石漠化现状及石漠化治理核桃模式的形成过程,总结了凤山县石漠化治理核桃模式的技术关键、示范推广的成功经验。
关键词:石漠化治理;核桃模式;示范;广西凤山县
中图分类号:S718.51文献标识码:B文章编号:0439-8114(2012)14-2945-03
Research and Practice of Rocky Desertification Control by Planting Walnut in Fengshan County of Guangxi
YANG Zhen-de1,LIAO Hong-jun2,HUANG Guo-hong2,LAI Jia-ye1,PAN Xiao-fang1,ZHANG Wu-gui3
(1. Forestry College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004,China; 2. Forestry Technique Extension General Station of Guangxi Department of Forestry, Nanning 530001,China; 3. Fruit Production Management Bureau of Fengshan County,Fengshan 547600,Guangxi,China)
Abstract: After many years of probing and practising, a win-win road, walnut mode, not only helpful for controlling rocky desertification and promoting eco-construction but also for increasing the income of farmers was opened up based on the natural resources advantages in Fengshan county. The present status of rocky desertification and the formation process of walnut mode in rocky desertification control in Fengshan county were introduced. And the key technology and successful experiences of walnut model in popularizing demonstration were also summarized.
Key words: rocky desertification control; walnut model; demonstration; Fengshan county of Guangxi
喀斯特地区的石漠化被称为影响我国社会经济发展和人民生活的三大环境灾害之一,石漠化严重影响、制约着该地区社会经济的进一步发展,直接威胁着该地区人类的生存[1]。所谓石漠化,是指在热带、亚热带、暖温带湿润、半湿润气候条件的喀斯特环境背景下,由于人类活动和自然因素,导致地表植被遭受破坏,土壤严重侵蚀,基岩裸露或砾石堆积,土地生产力严重下降,地表出现类似荒漠景观的土地退化过程和现象[2]。广西是岩溶地貌发育最典型的地区,也是石漠化最严重的地区之一,岩溶土地分布涉及10个市的76个县(市、区),岩溶土地面积位列全国第二,石漠化土地面积居贵州、云南之后位列全国第三[3]。
近年来,虽然广西也探索出多种石漠化治理模式[3-5],但由于不同地区石漠化成因、现状和特点千差万别,因而无法将任何一种治理模式照搬到其他地方。为探索适合于凤山县石漠化治理的成功模式,在中央财政林业科技推广示范资金资助项目及广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目支持下,在研究基础上形成了石漠化治理的核桃模式,并进行了实践,以期为广西石漠化治理工程建设提供参考。……