高清山,邢继德,魏怀生,鲁梅,燕淑海
(山东潍坊工程职业学院,山东青州262500)
山楂酿酒酵母的筛选及其发酵性能测定
高清山,邢继德,魏怀生,鲁梅,燕淑海
(山东潍坊工程职业学院,山东青州262500)
以山楂为原料,利用平板划线分离法,得酵母9株。利用杜氏小管实验对酵母进行筛选,获得4株发酵力较强酵母。将其进行酒精、酸度、糖度的耐受性试验,表明总体耐受性较好。将其与1450酿酒酵母共同进行发酵性能测定,确定了⑤号酵母是优良菌株。在60 mg/L SO2和28℃的条件下,可酿造出11.3(体积比)酒精度,3.0 g/L还原糖,8.1 g/L总酸度,0.21澄清度,酒色鲜红、口感纯正、香味浓郁的山楂干红酒。
山楂;酿酒酵母;筛选;发酵特性
Abstract:In this paper,9 strains of yeast were obtained by using hawthorn as raw material and using streak plate as separation method.Initially screened with Du-canaliculus experiments four strains of yeast with stronger fermentation capability were identified.Further tolerance testing on alcohol contents,acidity and sugar contents indicates that their overall performance of fermentation is better.Applied jointly with Saccharomyces cerevisiae No.1450,the No.⑤strain of yeast is determined to have the fermentation performance of excellent yeast.Under the conditions of 60 mg/L SO2and 28℃,the yeast can produce a wine with the following characteristics:alcohol 11.3(V/v),reductionsugar3.0g/L,totalacidity8.1g/L,clarity0.21,bright-red incolor,puretaste,andrichfragrance.
Key words:hawthorn;Saccharomyces cerevisiae;screening;fermentation characteristics
山楂,又称仙果,几乎含有水果的所有营养成分,18种氨基酸,特别是VC的含量较高,达到89 g,比苹果高17倍,比梨高30倍。其主要成分有:山楂酸、黄酮、VC。主要功能:健胃消食、减肥、降血脂血压、防衰老、增强肌体免疫力等。据《本草纲目》记载:山楂可消化饮食,消肉积症瘕及痰饮痞满吞酸、血瘀胀痛。据洪昭光《食物是最好的医药》介绍:山楂有很多的营养和医疗价值,常吃山楂制品能开胃消食,预防动脉粥样硬化,使人延年益寿,故山楂被人们视为“长寿食品”。
山楂的品种很多,其中,以青州的敞口山楂最为有名。据青州府志记载,距今已有500多年的栽培历史。敞口山楂果实扁圆形,果皮涂红,果点黄白色,密集,果皮较粗糙,无光泽,因萼筒大而深,萼片开张而成“敞口”。青州敞口山楂个大、质优,适于加工,抗逆性强,适应范围广,全国各地慕名到青州引种及购买者很多。……