孙冬娇+徐高威+刘恒
摘 要: 针对当前工厂仓库火灾事故频繁发生,设计了一种工厂仓库火灾预警系统。该系统由火灾检测模块与中心接收模块组成,火灾检测模块利用以STM32为控制核心的智能小车在工厂仓库“巡逻”,通过加装OV7670图像传感器检测火焰,一旦发现火灾事故发生,立即无线发送预警信息,信息由中心接收模块接收后通过RS 232串口传送给PC机,PC机采取相应救灾措施。实际测试表明,本系统发出预警信息的成功率高,近100%,零误判,时间短。
关键词: 火灾预警; STM32F407; OV7670; NRF905
中图分类号: TN911?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)07?0098?03
Design of warehouse fire warning system in factories
SUN Dong?jiao1,2, XU Gao?wei1, LIU Heng1,2
(1. College of Electronic&Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information&Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing, Nanjing 210044, China)
Abstract: A factory warehouse fire system was designed for the frequent occurrence of the factory warehouse fire accidents. This system is composed of fire detection module and central receiver module. The fire detection module takes STM32 microprocessor as master control of the smart car patrolling around the factory warehouse to detect flame by OV7670 image sensor and send the warning information by wireless RF system when discovering fire accident. The central receiver module receives the information and transmits it to PC through RS 232 serial port to adopt the corresponding relief measures. The practical testing result indicates that the system has a nearly 100% success rate in sending warning information.
Keywords: fire warning; STM32F407; OV7670; NRF905
0 引 言
现代工厂仓库储存量大、集中,且大部分是可燃易燃物品、极易发生火灾。为了保证仓库中物品以及周边人员的安全,火灾预警和扑救的及时性亟待解决。
在此提出一种利用CMOS图像传感器检测火焰,以智能小车作为系统载体的工厂仓库火灾预警系统。本文将从硬件和软件方面介绍工厂仓库火灾预警系统的具体设计方案,并且通过实验验证了系统稳定可靠,能实时检测火灾发生,及时发出火灾预警信息,与传统火灾检测技术相比,利用CMOS图像传感器检测火灾,大大提高了火灾预警的准确性与及时性,有效降低火灾危害,利用小车代替人“巡逻”,节约了人力资源,有较好的应用前景。
1 系统设计与工作原理
本设计的火灾检测模块以STM32F407作为控制和检测核心,利用OV7670图像传感器检测火源,利用PWM(脉宽调制)技术控制智能车行驶、转向,检测到火源后,立即通过NRF905无线发送模块发送火灾信息,同时通过VS1003b MP3模块语音播报预警信息。……