杉木种子园不同营建方式成本

林章建

摘要：本文以现金流、折现值、净现值为指标，引用动态经济评价方法，对湖南省会同县不同建园方式的杉木种子园前期成本进行对比分析。结果表明：新建园先在苗圃培育2年生容器砧木，第3年圃地嫁接，第4年移植至种子园，这种方式相对传统的在园区培育3年生砧木，第4年园区嫁接无性系的建园方式，30 hm2规模前4年投入少3768万元，节约2383%，净现值增加4076万元，增加2744%，建园方式的创新经济效益显著。

关键词：杉木；种子园；成本；现金流；折现值；净现值

中图分类号：S7228+3文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-3020（2014）03-0038-04

Cost Analysis of Different Establishment Methods for Cunninghamia lanceolata Seed Orchard

Lin Zhangjian

（Huidong County Forestry BureauHuaihua418300）

Abstract： Using the indices of cash flow， discounted value and net present value and by the method of dynamic economic evaluation， the early cost of different establishment methods for Cunninghamia lanceolata seed orchard was compared and analyzed in this paper. The results showed that the investment of the new way that firstly 2-year-old rootstocks were cultivated in container in nursery， and then scions were grafted in nursery in the third years， and at last gratfed seedlings were transplanted to seed orchard in the fourth years was 3768 thousand Yuan in the scale of 30 hectares in the former four years less than that of the traditional way that in seed orchard 3-year-old rootstocks were cultivated， and then clones were grafted in the fourth year； and the saving ratio of the investment was 2383%； and the net present value increased by 4076 thousand Yuan and the increasing proportion was 2744%. In a word ，the economic benefit of the establishment method innovation was obvious.

Key words：Cunninghamia lanceolata；seed orchard；cost；cash flow；discounted value；net present value

种子园建园方式上，芬兰、加拿大、美国通过施用激素、制造土壤水分胁迫，分别建立桦木、欧洲赤松、南方松塑料大棚种子园；新西兰对辐射松采用修剪、密植、辅助授粉建立绿篱式种子园，近期又提出了定植2年后进入结实盛期，5年后更替的经营草地种子园设想。以上方式都是在调控营养生长和生殖生长理论基础上的一种尝试，对种子园建园方式有了新的发展 [1 ]。

国内杉木种子园建设一直沿用先园区定植砧木，培育2年后嫁接无性系形成种子园。会同县林业局在湖南省林业科学院指导下对传统的建园方式进行了突破创新，采用苗圃培育容器嫁接苗，移植园区形成无性系种子园。本文对两种不同的建园方式前期成本进行了经济分析与评价，对引导和发展林木种子园建园方式的改进，从技术创新上节约建园成本具有极为重要的意义。

1材料与方法

1.1材料

新建园方式数据材料来自会同县2010～2013年新建的杉木种子园，传统建园方式数据材料来自同地2003～2006年杉木种子园。……