缑新科+李冬冬+陈卓+王能才
摘 要: 针对柔性结构的振动普遍存在复杂性、非线性和建模难的特点,跳过了复杂的机械?电压建模,基于子空间系统辨识方法的基本算法和特点,设计出抑制悬臂梁振动的一种最优控制器,并在算法实现、算法性能方面进行了仿真和实时控制实验。实验结果表明,算法在提高系统辨识精度,降低计算量等方面都有显著提高,控制效果比较理想。
关键字: 压电悬臂梁; 振动主动控制; 子空间辨识; LQG控制器
中图分类号: TN911?34; TP273 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)14?0001?04
Study on vibration control of piezoelectric cantilever beam
based on subspace identification
GOU Xin?ke, LI Dong?dong, CHEN Zhuo, WANG Neng?cai
(College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China)
Abstract: As the vibration of the flexible structure is generally non?linear, complex, and difficult to model, an optimal controller to suppress the vibration of the cantilever beam was designed based on the basic algorithm and characteristics of subspace system identification method, instead of the complex mechanical?voltage modeling. The simulation and real?time control experiments were carried out in the aspects of implementation and algorithm performance. The experimental results show that the algorithm has significant improvements in improving the accuracy of systems identification, reducing the amount of calculation, and enhancing the control effect.
Keywords: piezoelectric cantilever beam; active vibration control; subspace identification; LQG controller
0 引 言
柔性材料在干扰下易于发生不必要的振动,以压电材料作为传感器和执行器的压电智能结构振动主动控制技术是当前振动工程研究的热点之一。
振动主动控制的研究主要集中为系统建模、控制律设计两方面。系统建模的方法主要有机理建模和实验建模。机理建模是指通过有限元方法建立结构的数学模型,其能够给出结构的基本模态形式,但是计算量大,而且对于大型复杂结构而言,很难进行在线调整[1]。系统辨识建模是用观测系统的输入/输出数据来建立系统数学模型的一种方法,可分为频域辨识和时域辨识[2]。
子空间辨识就是时域系统辨识方法中很有代表性的一种新算法,由于子空间方法在辨识中对模型结构先验知识需求较少,不需要参数化[3]。而且算法的实现仅依赖于一些简单可靠的线性代数工具,需要迭代优化,因此运算速度较快,也保证了数值的鲁棒性[4]。……