四川攀西地区芒果病虫害调查研究

2014-08-12 03:27:52李桂珍尧美英朱俐遐
热带农业科学 2014年4期

李桂珍++尧美英++朱俐遐

摘 要 2010~2013年对四川攀西地区芒果病虫害进行调查,结果为:病害46种,害虫共33种,分属8目20科,发现国内未见报道的芒果新害虫榕母管蓟马。分析阐述主要病虫害炭疽病、白粉病、畸形病(丛芽病)、细菌性黑斑病、幼果果肉生理性褐变黑果病、主干裂皮病、低温、蓟马、桔小实蝇、叶瘿蚊、介壳虫的危害情况;当前严重威胁攀西芒果产业发展的危险性病害为芒果畸形病(又称丛芽病)、芒果猝死病(又称速死病)和芒果果实象甲。编写“攀西地区芒果病虫害名录”,并提出防控策略。

关键词 芒果 ;病虫害 ;调查研究 ;攀西地区

分类号 S667.7

Mango Pests and Diseases Investigation in Panxi Area of Sichuan Provience

LI Guizhen YAO Meiying ZHU Lixia

(Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Panzhihua, Sichuan 617061)

Abstract Mango pests and diseases of Panxi aera had been investigated from 2010 to 2013. The result showed that there were 46 kinds of diseases and 33 kinds of pests, which belong to 20 families and 8 orders respectively. A new mango pests Yung mother pipe thrips had been found, Home is not reported it; The major pests and diseases anthracnose, powdery mildew, deformity disease (buds disease), bacterial black spot, the young fruit flesh browning black fruit physiological disease, primary chapped skin disease, hypothermia, thrips, hazard dorsalis, leaf gall midge, scale insects had been analyzed and elaborated.; A serious threat to the risk of diseases Panxi area mango industrial development were mango malformation (also known as the buds disease), mango sudden death disease (also known as a swift death disease) and mango fruit weevil at present. A "mango pests and diseases list in Panxi area" had been compiled, and proposed control strategies.

Keywords Panxi area ; mango ; pests and diseases ; investigation ; research

芒果病虫种类繁多,并且新病虫害不断出现。根据Butan和Tanon的报导,芒果原产地印度,共有160多种害虫,而我国报导有76种。1976~1979 年,华南热带农业大学与华南四省农垦局协作,对海南、广东、广西、云南、福建等省区的芒果病虫害作过普查,共发现病害19种,病原物20种。1986~1995年,肖倩莼等对华南地区芒果病害做了调查和鉴定,共鉴定出病害25种,病原物31种[1]。刘朝祯等对广东省芒果病害进行了初步研究[2]。2008~2010 年龙亚芹等对云南省芒果主产区病虫害分布、危害及种类进行了调查,共鉴定出云南省芒果病虫害94种,其中病害23种,害虫71种[3]。

1989~1991年,白巧等对四川攀西地区芒果病害种类、分布、为害、症状进行了调查,查出攀西地区芒果病害20种[4]。黄显明等于1998~1999年对四川省攀枝花地区芒果病虫害做了调查,病害有33种,害虫有18种,分属7目15科[5]。四川省攀西地区是我国优质晚熟芒果……

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