田虓+孙谊
摘 要: 超级电容器较传统电容器而言有非常大的容量,但是其表现出显著的“非传导性吸收”储能方式,用传统的方法将不能准确地对超级电容器进行测试。针对超级电容器的工作原理,提出一种有针对性的超级电容器测试的方法。采用Buck变化器实现超级电容器的恒流充电,采用Boost变化器模拟有源电子负载实现超级电容器恒流放电,利用芯片SG3525产生PWM控制波形,实现恒流充放电,利用DSP(TMS3210C2812)完成系统数据处理。该方法保证了放大精度,有效抑制了共模噪声,对超级电容器在不同充放电电流下的电容与内阻工作情况实现了准确、有效的测试。
关键词: 超级电容器; 充放电电路; PWM控制; DSP
中图分类号: TN710?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)16?0160?03
Method of current charging and discharging test of super?capacitor
TIAN Xiao1, SUN Yi2
(1. The Open University of China, Beijing 100031, China; 2. Chinese Electrotechnical Society, Beijing 100823, China)
Abstract: The super?capacitor has larger capacity than traditional capacitor, but traditional methods can not be used to test the super capacitor accurately because of its obvious "non conductive absorption" energy storage mode. According to the working principle of the super capacitor, a method for super?capacitor test is presented in this paper, in which Buck converter is used to achieve constant current charging of the super?capacitor, Boost converter is used to analog active electronic load and achieve constant current discharging of the super?capacitor, SG3525 chip is used to produce the PWM control waveform to realize constant current charging and discharging, and DSP (TMS3210C2812) is used to complete the data processing. This method can ensure the amplification accuracy, effectively suppress the common mode noise, and achieve the accurate test of the super?capacitors capacity and internal resistance in the different charging or discharging current
Keywords: super?capacitor; charging and discharging circuit; PWM control; DSP
0 引 言
当今社会,能源问题越来越受人类的关注。超级电容器作为一种新型的绿色储能元件,由于其不可替代的优良特性,针对其的研究和认识越来越深刻。LI,NIMH诸如此类的新型电池已经在大家的生活中广泛应用。但由于其原理为电化学反应,在使用寿命及环境友好方面是存在缺陷的。而超级电容器具有使用寿命长、环境良好、功率密度高、充电速度快等优点,并且在短时间内可以瞬时释放能量、高低温性能好,所以在能量供应方面的优越性得到越来越多国家、军事部门及工业界的重视。经过多年的发展,现在在混合电动车、武器及不间断电源等领域具有潜在的广泛应用前景。
1 超级电容器的结构
根据构造的不同,超级电容分为两类:双电层电容与法拉第准电容[1]。……