神经网络曲线拟合在温补晶振上的应用

2014-10-14 18:06:29高古鹏陈向东谢冰青李建龙
现代电子技术 2014年20期

高古鹏+陈向东+谢冰青+李建龙

摘 要: 石英晶振作为重要的频率源器件,其频率稳定度至关重要。但温度对石英晶振的影响很大。传统的微处理器温度补偿晶振中在拟合曲线时算法简单,导致软件引起的误差较大。利用了神经网络算法在曲线拟合上的应用,拟合出补偿电压与温度之间的函数关系,微处理器根据温度传感器采集的温度控制AD芯片产生补偿电压,从而使压控振荡电路输出稳定的频率的目的。实验结果表明:温度在-10~80 ℃时,频率稳定度达到±0.35 ppm,比未补偿时提高了近20倍,比其他曲线拟合方法得出的效果要好。

关键词: 石英晶振; 微处理器; 温度补偿; 神经网络算法; 曲线拟合

中图分类号: TN752?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2014)20?0084?03

Application of neural network curve fitting in TCXO

GAO Gu?peng1, CHEN Xiang?dong1, XIE Bing?qing2, LI Jian?long1

(1. Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2. Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China)

Abstract: The quartz crystal oscillator is an important frequency source device. Its stability is crucial. However there is a great influence of temperature on the quartz crystal oscillator. The traditional MCU quartz crystal oscillator of temperature compensation may result in large error caused by software because its algorithm for curves fitting is too simple. In this paper, a function relation between compensation voltage and temperature was fitted by using a neural network algorithm for curves fitting. The MCU controls AD chip to generate a compensation voltage according to temperature collected by temperature sensors, so as to make the VOC circuit output a stable frequency. The experimental results show that, when the temperature is from ?10oC to 80oC, frequency stability gets 0.35 ppm, which increases nearly 20 times greater than the frequency stability without compensation, and the results got from the proposed method is better than those of other curve fitting methods.

Keywords: quartz crystal oscillator; MCU; temperature compensation; neural network algorithm; curve fitting

0 引 言

石英晶体振荡器作为数字系统中重要的部分已广泛应用在广播通信、电子测量、航空航天等多个方面[1]。但石英晶体振荡器有其固有的温频特性[2],在要求时钟频率稳定度更高的场合中,需要对其进行温度补偿。同时,近年来国内外对以石英晶体为载体做成的多种传感器[3?4]的研究和应用也越来越多,其温度对石英晶振的影响必不可忽略。在诸多温补晶振的方法中[5?8],微处理器补偿晶振由于其稳定度高、可编程化越来越受到市场的欢迎。邓志鹏,周文利等人介绍了微处理器温度补偿晶振,起到了很好的补偿效果[7?8]。其中在补偿电压和温度之间非线性函数关系时分别用了最小二乘法和线性插值算法。近些年,神经网络算法有了很大的发展,其应用也扩展到了多个学科领域。……

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