魏红国 关扎根 吴尚英 王玉龙 韩亚平 刘颖
摘要 在前人研究的基础上,结合晋东南地区地理、气候环境,通过对粮药间套作条件下苦参碱含量、产量及经济与生态效益的综合分析,探明粮药间套作条件下药材有效成分含量及经济效益。结果表明,套作模式“4-2”比“4-3”占用土地低10个百分点,产量高6.8%;套种模式投入产出比高于单作,各生育时期苦参有效成分含量高于单作,年均纯收入16 804.5元/hm2,比单作苦参、玉米高44.2%和75.1%。
关键词 苦参;套种;玉米;种植模式
中图分类号 S567 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)31-10916-03
Analysis on the Pattern of Sophora /Corn Interplanting
WEI Hongguo, GUAN Zhagen*, WU Shangying et al (The Famous-region Drug of Development Co. Ltd of Shanxi Zhengdong, Changzhi, Shanxi 047100)
Abstract On the basis of former researches, combined with geographical and climate conditions in southeast region of Shanxi Province, through analysis on alkali content, yield, economic and ecological banefits under intercropping conditions, the effective components content and economic benefit of the drug material were explored. The results showed that: Land occupancy rate of intercropping model of “4-2” is lower than that of “4-3” by 10%, while the production increased by 6.8%; Input-output ratio of intercropping pattern is higher than monoculture pattern, and active ingredient concentration of sophora is higher than monoculture planting in each growth period. The average annual net income of intercropping is 16 804.5 Yuan/hm2, which is higher than monoculture sophora and corn by 44.2 % and 75.1%.
Key words Sophora; Intercropping; Maize; Cropping patterns
近年來,随着中药材需求量的不断增加、中药材产业规模的不断扩张,使种粮药争地的矛盾日益突出,同时随着粮食价格持续攀升,导致药材种植比较效益下降,农民的注意力也开始发生转移,加之常年单种药材所引起的病虫害造成药材品质和产量下降,最终导致中药材的种植面积和品质受到严峻挑战,土地利用率不断提高,复合种植体系已成为主要的农业种植模式,如杏-粮、桃-粮、枣-粮、粮-药等复合种植系统[1],前人研究认为间作会影响农作物产量的提高,由于间作的树种和作物类型不同,加之间作模式的差异,不同学者的研究结果有一定的差异[2]。
单作条件下水、肥、小气候等条件对苦参生长和产量构成特征已有研究报到,并得出结论[3-5]。同时,各种农林复合种植模式对粮食作物产量的影响也进行了大量研究,但对苦参套种玉米复合种植模式的研究未见报道……