周竹梅 于丽丽
【摘 要】目的:探讨昏迷病人院前急救中紧急气道处理方法和效果。方法:回顾性总结分析5年来310例昏迷患者急救中紧急气道处理的临床资料,所有病例均开放气道,其中采用口咽通气管58例(18.7%),面罩86例(27.8%),球囊—面罩22例(7.1%),喉罩8例(2.6%),气管插管34例(10.9%)。结果:310例昏迷病人至医院急诊科时指测血氧饱和度维持在90%以上者216例(69.7%),60%-90%有64例(20.6%),低于60%者30例(9.7%)。结论:昏迷患者院前急救中应积极实施紧急气道处理,提高现场急救的技术操作,为后续抢救和治疗提供了强有力的基础。
【关键词】紧急气道;昏迷;院前急救
【文章编号】1004-7484(2014)06-3450-02
Coma patients in pre-hospital first aid emergency airway established clinical application research.
Zhou zhumei, Yu lili
(The municipal of Laixi Shandong,266600,China.)
【Abstract】Objective:To explore the coma patients in pre-hospital first aid emergency treatment method and effect of the airway.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 310 patients with coma in five years the clinical data of emergency airway in first aid treatment, all cases of open the airway, which USES the oropharynx vent 58 cases (18.7%), mask, 86 cases (27.8%), balloon, masks, 22 cases (7.1%), laryngeal mask 8 cases (2.6%), endotracheal intubation 34 cases (10.9%).Results:310 cases of coma patients to the hospital emergency department refers to the measurement of blood oxygen saturation at 90% above 216 cases (69.7%), 60% to 90% in 64 patients (20.6%), 30 cases (9.7%) was less than 60%.Conclusion:Coma patients should actively implement emergency airway in pre-hospital emergency treatment, improve the scene emergency technical operation, for the subsequent rescue and treatment provides a strong foundation.
【Key words】Emergency airway;In a coma.Pre-hospital first aid.
昏迷是指患者生命體征存在,但对外界环境和机体内在活动无感知,对内外环境刺激的反应性完全丧失,不能作出有意识的反应活动。临床上昏迷常为意识障碍最严重的阶段,是疾病的危险信号。昏迷患者发病时往往合并有不同程度的呼吸不畅,甚至发生窒息或突发呼吸停止。在院前急救现场和转运途中,对挽救患者生命,为后续抢救及治疗提供强有力保障有着重要意义,本文总结5年来随救护车院前救治的310例昏迷病人,就院前昏迷病人紧急气道的建立进行探讨,供同行借鉴。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选择2007年3月—2012年6月随救护车出诊中遇到的昏迷病人,共310例,其中男187例,女123例,最小年龄5个月,最大年龄82岁,平均62.5岁。接诊时间4-20min,平均7.5min。
1.2疾病组成 院前急救人员到达现场时,经检查有自主呼吸的256例,无自主呼吸的54例,其中既往有呼吸系统疾病66例(10例无自主……