城市居民低保标准确定及指数化调整机制设计

2015-01-26 21:35边恕孙雅娜郝悦
人口与经济 2015年1期

边恕+孙雅娜+郝悦

摘 要:文章基于辽宁省社会与经济的现实数据,利用马丁法测算得出食物线、低贫困线、高贫困线等指标。通过与现实低保标准的比较发现,现实标准位于食物线与低贫困线之间,不能满足受助者最低层次的多元需求;通过构建与食品价格指数、消费价格-人均收入组合指数、人均收入增长率的联动调整机制,得到动态调整后的城市低保标准;在与辽宁省财政适度负担率比较后,发现辽宁省地方财政不仅能够承担调整后的低保标准,而且也完全能够承担马丁法所确定的高、低贫困线。对此提出了科学地确定低保标准、实现底线公平与多元需求的统一、设计动态调整机制、构建多元保障衔接机制等对策。

关键词:城市低保制度;马丁法;低保标准;调整机制;财政负担

中图分类号:D632.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-4149(2015)01-0108-08

DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2015.01.011

收稿日期:2014-09-02;修订日期:2014-12-06

基金项目:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“养老保险城乡统筹政策优化研究——基于养老金与财政动态契合的视角”(14JJD630012);国家自然科学基金项目“农村社会养老保险制度优化:基于养老金给付与财政补贴的动态契合视角”(71303101);教育部人文社会科学一般项目“新型农村养老保险制度优化下的财政适度负担水平研究”(13YJCZH003);辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“应对辽宁人口老龄化财政政策研究”(L12BRK003)。

作者简介:边恕,经济学博士,辽宁大学人口研究所教授,武汉大学社会保障研究中心·社会保障与民生安全协同创新中心研究员;孙雅娜,经济学博士,辽宁大学新华国际商学院教授;郝悦,辽宁大学人口研究所硕士研究生。

Urban Resident Minimum Living Standard Determination and the Indexation Adjustment

Mechanism Design: Illustrated by the Example of Liaoning

BIAN Shu1,2, SUN Yana3, HAO Yue1

(1. Institute of Population Research, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036,China;

2.Center for Social Security Studies·Social Security and Life Security Collaborative

Innovation Center ,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China; 3. Sun Wah

International Business School, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110136,China)

Abstract:This paper measured and calculated food line, low and high poverty line based on the reality of social and economic data of Liaoning province using the method of Martin. Comparing with the real low standard this paper found that real standard lies between food line and low poverty line, so it cant meet the  recipients diversity demand. This paper got the dynamic adjustment of low standard of Liaoning province by building an adjustment mechanism of food price index, consumer prices per capita income combination index, the growth rate of per capita income. After comparing with fiscal moderate burden of Liaoning province, this paper also found that local government can not only bear the burden of adjusted low standard, but also entirely borne the low and high poverty line calculated by Martin method. Finally, this article put forward some countermeasures like determining low standard scientifically,realizing the unity of baseline fairness and diverse demand, designing dynamic adjustment mechanism, building multivariate security cohesion mechanism.

Keywords:urban subsistence allowance system; Martin method; lowest standard; adjustment mechanism; financial burden