普通妇科疾病及相关研究　子宫内膜异位症动物模型研究进展

苏晓华，宋殿荣

·综述·

普通妇科疾病及相关研究子宫内膜异位症动物模型研究进展

苏晓华，宋殿荣△

子宫内膜异位症是妇科常见病，是育龄期妇女盆腔痛和不孕的主要原因之一，其发病机制尚不明确，治疗手段不充分，体内、外模型的建立及应用是探索子宫内膜异位症的发生、发展以及治疗措施的重要途径。通过手术建立子宫内膜异位症动物模型的方法主要包括同种移植和异种移植，同种移植是将同基因动物的子宫内膜组织移植到灵长类或啮齿类动物的腹腔，异种移植是将人体在位或异位子宫内膜组织移植到免疫缺陷鼠体内或直接种植到鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜。本文分析、总结了子宫内膜异位症常用模型中灵长类、啮齿类和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜不同动物模型的构建方法和优缺点，旨在为实验中模型的选择应用提供指导。

子宫内膜异位症；疾病模型，动物；灵长目；啮齿；鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜

【Abstract】Endometriosis is a common disease in gynecology，and it is one of the main reason that cause pelvic pain and infertility of women in childbearing age.The pathogenesis of endometriosis is unclear and the treatment is inadequate.The establishment and application of models in vivo and in vitro is an important way to explore the occurrence，development and treatment measures of endometriosis.Surgical methods of establishing animal models of endometriosis mainly included homograft and heterograft.Homologous model was established by transplanting uterine fragments into the peritoneal cavity of syngeneic non-human primates and rodents.Heterologous model was established by engrafting human eutopic or ectopic endometrial tissues into the immunodeficient mice or the chicken chorioallantoic membrane（CAM）.This article summarizes the construction methods of commonly used models of endometriosis including non-human primates model，rodents model and CAM model，and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of them to provide a guidance for selection and application of models in experiments.

【Keywords】Endometriosis；Disease models，animal；Primates；Rodentia；Chicken chorioallantoic membrane

（J Int Obstet Gynecol，2015，42：25-28）

子宫内膜异位症（EMs）是导致女性精神心理健康障碍和社会功能下降［1］的妇科常见病，其虽为良性疾病，却具有无限生长、生成新生血管、浸润并破坏周围组织和局部或远处转移等恶性肿瘤的一些特性。目前对EMs的认识虽已有100多年历史，但其发病机制尚未明确，缺乏有效的早期诊断及治疗方法，探讨EMs的发生、发展规律，研究发病机制以及寻求新的、有效的诊断、治疗方法都需要建立合理的动物模型。目前研究EMs常用的动物模型包括灵长类动物模型、啮齿类动物模型和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）模型。……