水污染强制责任保险的价值与建构

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水污染强制责任保险的价值与建构

李挺宇

(辽宁大学人口研究所,辽宁沈阳110036)

摘要:中国目前面临着严重的环境污染问题,环境污染强制责任保险是有效的解决措施。由于水污染是环境污染中的基本类型,同时又具有其自身独特之处,因此应当重视强制责任保险在水污染事件处理中的重要意义和价值。虽然目前已经出台了环境污染强制责任保险的相关指导意见,但是,仍然有必要建构专门针对水污染的强制责任保险,建构的基本原则包括重视水污染问题特殊性原则、循序渐进的推广原则、注重个案解决原则和综合利益平衡原则等。同时,水污染强制责任保险还需要一些相关机制的配合,才能发挥最佳效果,这些机制主要包括政府的环境责任制度、保险公司监督参与机制、公益诉讼制度和风险评估分散机制等。

关键词:水污染; 强制责任保险; 利益平衡; 公益诉讼; 风险评估

doi:10.15936/j.cnki.10083758.2015.04.013

收稿日期:2014-11-25

作者简介:李挺宇(1981-),男,辽宁大连人,辽宁大学博士研究生,主要从事资源环境研究。

中图分类号:D922.61

文献标志码:A

文章编号:1008-3758(2015)04-0410-06

Abstract:Currently, environmental pollution is a serious issue in China. To handle it, compulsory liability insurance against environmental pollution may serve as an effective measure. As a basic type of environmental pollution, water pollution has its own unique features. Priority should be given to compulsory liability insurance due to its great significance and value in dealing with water pollution. Although the government has introduced the relevant guidelines of compulsory liability insurance against environmental pollution, it is still necessary to construct the specific compulsory liability insurance against water pollution. The construction principles are included in but not limited to the following-valuing the particularity of water pollution, publicizing step by step, stressing case solution and balancing interests. To optimize the effect of compulsory liability insurance against water pollution, such related mechanisms need to be implemented as the environmental liability system of the government, the participation and supervision system of insurance companies, the litigation system of public interests and the dispersive system of risk assessment.

Value and Construction of Compulsory Liability Insurance Against Water Pollution

LITing-yu

(Population Research Institute, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China)

Key words:water pollution; compulsory liability insurance; balance of interests; public interest litigation; risk assessment

《关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》明确指出:“用严格的法律制度保护生态环境,加快建立有效约束开发行为和促进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展的生态文明法律制度,强化生产者环境保护的法律责任,大幅度提高违法成本。”在中国面临着严重的环境问题的背景下,以上决定指出了解决环境污染问题的宏观方向。……