高燕 姜艳 白燕冰等
摘要 [目的]确定不同部位嫩芽外植体与植物生长素及天然提取物诱导辣木不定芽的分化能力及不定根生长的最佳条件。[方法]选择优良辣木主枝嫩芽的茎段为外植体,采用组织培养技术对嫩芽中部茎段诱导、增殖、生根等进行研究。[结果]不同部位的嫩芽是影响辣木诱导和增殖最关键的因素,嫩芽诱导效果:中部>下端>上端,辣木诱导最适宜培养基是MS+6BA 0.5 mg/L+马铃薯水汁20 g/L +蔗糖25 g/L,诱导率为83%;增殖分化培养基为3/4 MS +6BA 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L+马铃薯水汁20 g/L +蔗糖30 g/L,增殖系数为3.63;生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+香蕉水汁20 g/L +蔗糖20 g/L,生根率达83%,不定根诱导效果:IBA>IAA>NAA。 [结论]以主枝嫩芽中部为外植体可建立辣木嫩芽快繁体系,可提高增殖系数和生根率。
关键词 辣木;离体培养;不定芽
中图分类号 S604+.3 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2015)15-025-03
Sterile Culture of Moringa oleifera Buds and Plants Regeneration Test
GAO Yan,JIANG Yan*,BAI Yanbing et al
(Dehong Institute of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in Yunnan Province,Ruili,Yunnan 678600)
Abstract [Objective] Accord with the test make sure different parts of the buds explant and auxin induction and natural extracts of adventitious bud differentiation ability,and the best condition of adventitious roots growth.[Method] Selecting M.oleifera bud as explants,using tissue culture to study the problems such as bud induction,proliferation and rooting.[Result] Different parts of the bud is the key factor to affect induction and proliferation,the buds induction results:middle>lower>upper,the optimum culture medium of M.oleifera is MS+6BA0.5 mg/L+The potato water juice 20 g/L + sucrose 25 g/L,induction rate is 83%; the optimum culture medium of proliferation differentiation is 3/4 MS +6BA0.5 mg/L +KT0.1 mg/L + The potato water juice 20 g/L + sucrose 30 g/L,kfactor is 3.63; the optimum culture medium of rooting is 1/2MS+ IBA0.5 mg/L +NAA0.2 mg/L+ banana water juice 20 g/L + sucrose 20 g/L,rooting rate is 83%,adventitious roots induction effect:IBA>IAA>NAA.[Conclusion] The central of the main branch buds as explants can establish M.oleifera buds micropropagation system,which can improve the multiplication and rooting rate.
Key words Moringa oleifera; in vitro culture; Adventitious buds
辣木(Moringa oleifera Lam),又稱奇树、鼓槌树, 原产于印度和非洲,为辣木科(Moringaceae)辣木属多年生多功能热带植物,仅一个属,世界共有14种[1]。辣木全株均可利用,营养物质种类多而全[2]。印度传统医学认为,辣木可预防300种疾病,具有降压、降胆固醇、降糖、医疗保健等功效,此外具有护肝、利尿、消炎、止痛、降压、催欲等功能,被科学誉为“神奇之树”和“母亲最好的朋友”[3-5]。
我国辣木主要分布于云南、广西、广东、海南、澳门与台湾地区,由于辣木喜温,耐干旱,生长快,非常适宜云南省热区广泛种植[6]。由于辣木神奇的功效和潜在的市场价值,种植辣木的地区越来越多,传统的种子育苗已不能满足市场需要。目前,生产上种植的辣木90%以上是采用种子育苗,……