阮思莲 马岁祥 吴枭锜等
摘要[目的] 研究压热法制备紫山药抗性淀粉的工艺。[方法] 以紫山药淀粉为原料,采用压热法制备紫山药抗性淀粉。以抗性淀粉得率作为评价指标,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验和方差分析明确因素影响的重要性并优化工艺条件。[结果]试验表明,影响抗性淀粉得率的因素主次顺序为:淀粉乳浓度>温度>pH>时间,最佳工艺条件为:淀粉乳浓度为30%,温度为120 ℃,pH为7,时间为60 min,在此条件下抗性淀粉得率为12.92%。[结论] 研究可为开发紫山药抗性淀粉产品提供理论依据。
关键词紫山药淀粉;抗性淀粉;压热处理
中图分类号S509.9;TS234文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)07-293-03
Preparation of Purple Dioscorea alata L. Resistant Starch by Pressure-heating Treatment
RUAN Si-lian, MA Sui-xiang, WU Xiao-qi, SONG Hong-bo* et al
(College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002)
Abstract[Objective] To study technique for preparing Purple Dioscorea alata L. resistant starch by pressure-heating treatment. [Method] With Purple Dioscorea alata L. starch as raw material, pressure-heating treatment was conducted to prepare resistant starch. Taking yield as evaluation indicator, on the basis of single factor experiment, orthogonal test and variance analysis were adopted to determine importance of influencing factors and optimize technical conditions. [Result] The experiment showed that the order of influencing factors is starch concentration > temperature > pH > time. The optimized processes were: starch concentration 30%, temperature 120 ℃, pH 7, time 60 min. Under the conditions, the productivity of resistant starch was 12.92%. [Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for development of Purple Dioscorea alata L. resistant starch.
Key wordsPurple Dioscorea alata L.starch; Resistant starch; Pressure-heating treatment
抗性淀粉是指一类在正常人体的小肠中不被消化吸收,而被大肠菌群用以发酵的淀粉及其降解物[1-2]。有生理学家们根据其抗消化性的程度不同把抗性淀粉分为:RS1、RS2、RS3、RS4[3]。其中RS3为回生淀粉,作为抗性淀粉的最主要来源,有着非常显著的生理功能,例如对便秘症状有着预防、缓解和改善的作用,对于类脂、胆固醇等代谢有增强作用[4],对于矿物质消化吸收起到促进作用[5],同时,它还具备降低血糖、血脂等功效[6]。开发抗性淀粉产品,具备极大的商业价值[7-8]。
紫山药(Purple Dioscorea alata L.)又名紫莳药、紫淮山药、紫脚板薯等[9],在我国南方多个省份普遍种植,目前对于其利用大多停留在煮食方面[10],对其产后加工以及潜在价值的开发利用仍处在较低水平。邓子龙等采用发酵法制备紫山药淀粉,并探讨了其部分的理化性质[9],陶华蕾就紫山药淀粉的提取工艺和加工利用做了初步研究,研制出紫山药果冻等产品[10]。笔者主要以紫……