杨淞++张超++杨辉++王姣龙++何丹++周迎



摘要 采用LI-8100开路式土壤C通量测定系统,对湖南省森林植物园10~20年樟树人工林土壤呼吸速率进行了为期1年的观测。结果表明:土壤呼吸CO2排放速率最大值在7月、8月,最小值出现在2月和3月,表现出单峰曲线的月动态变化趋势。对照、去除凋落物及去根3种处理的土壤呼吸速率范围分别为0.39~9.34、0.29~5.77、0.43~6.22 μmol/m2·s,年均土壤呼吸速率分别为3.351、2.145和2.154 μmol/m2·s。采用双因素关系模型(Rs=aebtWc),结果优于仅考虑土壤温度或土壤湿度的单因素关系模型;土壤温度和湿度共同解释了2010年不同处理方式土壤呼吸速率季节变化的95.2%~97.6%。对照、去根及去除凋落物处理的土壤呼吸Q10值分别为1.998、1.744、1.815,证明了根及凋落物对森林土壤呼吸起着一定的影响作用。
关键词 樟树;凋落物;根;土壤呼吸;Q10值
中图分类号 S714.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2015)12-0159-03
Impact of Root and Litterfall on Soil Respiration in Cinnamomum camphora Plantation
YANG Song ZHANG Chao YANG Hui WANG Jiao-long HE Dan ZHOU Ying
(College of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410004)
Abstract Using the measurement system of Li-8100 soil CO2 efflux system,We observed the rate of soil respiration of the Cinnamomum camphora forest plantation which had been 10 to 20 years in Forestry Park of Changsha,Hunan.The results showed that the dynamic of the mean soil respiration rates per month displayed the single peak curve basically. The maximum value appeared between July and August,and the minimum value appeared between February and March . Soil respiration rate ranges of the control plots,root exclusion and litter exclusion were 0.39~9.34,0.29~5.77 and 0.43~6.22 μmol/m2·s,respectively,The annual mean soil respiration rates were 3.351,2.145 and 2.154 μmol/m2·s,respectively. The model Rs=aebtWc,neither soil temperature nor soil water content could explain the seasonal variation of soil respiration well.Soil temperature and soil water content together could explain 95.2%~97.6% of seasonal variation in soil respiration rates.The Q10 values of the soil respiration in the control plots,root exclusion and litter exclusion were respectively 1.998,1.744 and 1.815.The results indicated that root and litterfall were important factors in affecting soil CO2 efflux in forests.
Key words Cinnamomum camphora plantation;litterfall;root;soil respiration;Q10
严格意义上的土壤呼吸是指未扰动土壤中生物与非生物通过任何形式的活动产生CO2的全部过程[1]。土壤是陆地生态系统最大的碳库,其碳贮量达1 500 Pg(1 Pg=1 015 g),分别是大气层和陆地植被碳贮量的2倍和3倍[2]。了解陆地生态系统C循环过程是揭示C素对全球变化响应机制的关键。通过土壤呼吸向大气中释放CO2是陆地生态系统碳循环的一个最重要的环节,也是导致全球气候变化的关键因素,因此是今后全球碳循环研究的热点。
土壤呼吸主要包括3个生物学过程(土壤微生物呼吸、土壤动物呼吸和植物根呼吸)和1个非生物学过程(含碳矿物质的氧化)。其中,林木根呼吸的比例占森林土壤总呼吸的10%~90%[3]。……