彭现省
1. 以here或there开头的句子,说明正在发生的动作,谓语动词不用现在进行时,而用一般现在时。例如:
Here comes the bus!
There goes the bell!
2. 既定的时间如生日、日历、课时安排、交通时间表等,通常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如:
The meeting starts at five oclock.
The train leaves at three this afternoon.
3. 在see to it, make sure, make certain, be sure, look out, take care等之后的从句要用一般现在时/一般过去时/现在完成时代替一般将来时/过去将来/将来完成时。例如:
You must make sure the door is closed before you leave the lab.
See to it that everything is OK.
4. 在宾语从句中,表示客观事实或真理,一律用一般现在时。例如:
The teacher taught us yesterday that the moon circles the earth.
Somebody told me that you are a writer.
5. 在由as soon as, when, before, after, till等引导的时间状语从句和由if,unless, as long as, in case等引导的条件状语从句中,或在方式、让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时,但主句用一般将来时。例如:
If you come this afternoon, Well have a meeting.
1. 表示说话人始料未及的事情用一般过去时。例如:
Oh! I didnt know you were in Shanghai.
2. 在wish, would rather之后的宾语从句中和在as if引导的状语从句中,以及在it is time that...句型的定语从句中,谓语动词用一般过去时说明现在的事情。例如:
Its time you had a holiday.
He looks as if he were young.
3. 用表示意愿及精神状态的动词,反映说话者探寻的态度时,动词用一般过去时表示一般现在时,显得更加礼貌。例如:
I didnt know you were here.
我不知道你在这里。(were实际上指现在)
I wondered if you could help me.
我在想你是否能帮助我。
4. 在含有hardly/scarcely... when, no sooner... than结构的句子中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
Hardly had I entered the room, when I heard a loud noise.
1. 若句中带有always, all the time, forever, constantly等词或短语,则用进行时表示一个频繁发生的动作,表示说话人赞赏或厌恶等感情。例如:
You are always forgetting the important things.
你总是忘记重要的事。
2. 某些词如come, go, leave, arrive, start等可用现在进行时表示将来。例如:
He is leaving tomorrow.
The visitors are arriving in a few minutes.
1. 表示故事发生的背景。例如:
One day Jones was walking along the street.
一天,琼斯正在街上走。
It was snowing as thay made their way to the front.
他们往前面走的时候正在下雪。
2. 与always, forever, constantly, continually, frequently等词连用,表示过去经常发生的行为,往往带有感情色彩。例如:
My brother was always losing his key.
我的哥哥/弟弟老是掉钥匙。……