王晶
摘要:通过对枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)主产区宁夏、青海、新疆、内蒙古等省(自治区)生产的枸杞干果氨基酸含量的测定,从药用氨基酸、增香剂型氨基酸和人体必需氨基酸含量的差异方面分析比较了不同产区枸杞的营养价值。结果表明,新疆产区的枸杞总氨基酸含量高于其他3个产区;内蒙古产区的枸杞药用氨基酸、增香剂型氨基酸和人体必需氨基酸含量均高于新疆、宁夏和青海产区;4个产区中,青海产区的枸杞氨基酸含量最低。
关键词:枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.);产区;氨基酸;比较分析
中图分类号:S567.1+9;Q517;R284.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)14-3411-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.14.020
Comparative Analysis on Amino Acid Content in Wolfberry Dried Fruit Among Different Growing Regions
WANG Jing
(School of Modern Agricultural Engineering in Ningxia Institute of Prevention and Control of Desertification, Yinchuan 750199, China)
Abstract: From the difference of total amino acid, medicinal amino acid, fragrance-producing amino acid and esential amino acid content, the nutritive value of wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) from different growing regions were analysed by measuring the amino acid content of wolfberry fruit which from Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in this paper. The results indicated that the total amino acid content of wolfberry fruit from Xinjiang was higher obviously than others regions. The medicinal amino acid, fragrance-producing amino acid and esential amino acid content of wolfberry fruit from Inner Mongolia was higher than Xingjiang, Ningxia and Qinghai. The amino acid content of wolfberry fruit from Qinghai was the lowest among four growing regions.
Key words: wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.); growing regions; amino acid; analysis
枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)是中医使用普遍的中药材之一。中医认为,枸杞性滑润,补肝以养血,益精能助阳,适用于肝肾阴亏、阳痿遗精等征,具有补肾生精、养肝明目的功效。国家卫生部食品卫生监督检验所在1988年就认定枸杞“既是药品,又是食品”,是30种药食同源的功能型植物之一和传统的出口创汇农产品[1]。氨基酸是枸杞中的营养成分之一,也是重要的药用成分,其中包括9种药用氨基酸,即天门冬氨酸(Asp)、谷氨酸(Glu)、甘氨酸(Gly)、蛋氨酸(Met)、亮氨酸(Leu)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、赖氨酸(Lys)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、精氨酸(Arg)。这9种氨基酸在植物中含量很少,同时人体自身也不能合成,但又起着维持人体氮平衡的重要作用,故被称为药用型氨基酸。另外,氨基酸还可分为增香剂型氨基酸和人体必需氨基酸;增香剂型氨基酸有5种,即缬氨酸(Val)、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸;人体必需氨基酸有8种,分别是苏氨酸(Thr)、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸(Ileu)、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和色氨酸(Try)[2-4]。……