红瘰疣螈排泄系统和生殖系统组织学研究

彭东燕 肖小柳 李红梅

摘要：采用一般组织学的方法研究了红瘰疣螈（Tylototriton shanjing）的排泄系统和生殖系统。结果表明，红瘰疣螈的肾为中肾，由肾小体和肾小管组成。肾小体卵圆形，由肾小球和鲍曼氏囊组成；肾小管包括颈段、第一近曲小管、第二近曲小管、间段、第一远曲小管、第二远曲小管、集合管。输尿管可分为被膜、黏膜下层、黏膜层三层。膀胱为泄殖腔膀胱，其黏膜层中形成了初级隐窝和次级隐窝。红瘰疣螈雌雄异体，精巢主要由精细管组成，卵巢内部可分为周质和髓质两部分；输卵管管壁较厚，由外向内可分为浆膜层、黏膜上皮下层、黏膜上皮层三层。

关键词：红瘰疣螈（Tylototriton shanjing）；排泄系统；生殖系统；组织学

中图分类号：Q954.6 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）14-3466-04

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.14.033

Studies on Histology of Excretory and Reproductive Systems in Tylototriton shanjing

PENG Dong-yan， XIAO Xiao-liu， LI Hong-mei

（Yuxi Normal University， Yuxi 653100， Yunnan， China）

Abstract： In this paper the excretory and reproductive system in Tylototriton shanjing were studied by the general microanatomy method. The results showed that the kidney in Tylototriton shanjing was mesonephros， and composed of renal corpuscles and renal tubular. Renal corpuscles was oval， and composed of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. Renal tubule included cervical， proximal convoluted tubule，inter-segment，distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. The ureter had three layers such as the tunica， submucosal and mucosal layer. Bladder was Cloaca bladder， and formed the primary and secondary crypt in the mucous layer. Tylototriton shanjing was dioecious. Testis was mainly composed of fine tubes. The ovary internal could be divided into two parts， periplasm and medulla. Oviduct wall was thick， and could be divided ecto-entad into serous layer， submucosa and mucosal epithelium.

Key words：Tylototriton shanjing；excretory system；reproductive system；histology

红瘰疣螈（Tylototriton shanjing）属国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物，于2004年被《中国物种红色名录》列为“近危”等级[1，2]。很多学者对其进行了多方面的研究，如红瘰疣螈的皮肤显微结构观察[3]、繁殖生态[4]、生命活动规律[5]、产卵行为[6]以及早期胚胎发育[7]等方面均有报道。本试验对红瘰疣螈排泄系统和生殖系统的组织学进行了初步研究。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

试验所用的材料采自云南凤庆和云南新平，2雄4雌，均为成体。

1.2 方法

试验所需的组织小块用8%福尔马林固定，石蜡包埋、切片，苏木精-伊红染色，封固，光镜观察，摄片。

2 结果与分析

2.1 排泄系统

红瘰疣螈的排泄系统包括肾脏、输尿管、膀胱，其中肾脏包括肾小体和肾小管。肾小体包括肾小球和鲍尔氏囊；肾小管可分为七段，即颈段、第一近曲小管、第二近曲小管、间段、第一远曲小管、第二远曲小管、集合管。……