大曲中异常威克汉姆酵母发酵产苯乙醇的条件优化明

2015-09-09 09:32:39红梅周健陈蒙恩等
湖北农业科学 2015年14期

红梅 周健 陈蒙恩等

摘要:采用响应面法从传统大曲中筛选的异常威克汉姆酵母J7发酵产苯乙醇条件,在单因素试验的基础上,以酵母菌株J7发酵产物中大曲重要香味物质苯乙醇的色谱峰面积为响应值,原料初始水分含量、装料量、发酵温度为自变量,利用响应面中心组合法进行试验设计,并做响应面分析和优化。结果表明,在发酵温度为35 ℃,初始水分含量为43%,装料量为70 g/250 mL的最优条件下发酵9 d,苯乙醇的色谱峰面积的平均值为1.332×108,接近于模型预测值1.324×108,此时发酵产物中的苯乙醇含量为6.350 mg/100 g,与优质浓香型大曲相比,其含量增长了5倍多。

关键词:响应面法;异常威克汉姆酵母;浓香型大曲;苯乙醇

中图分类号:TS261.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)14-3492-05

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.14.041

Optimization of Phenylethanol Fermentation Conditions of Wickerhamomyces anomalus from Daqu by Response Surface Methodology

MING Hong-mei, ZHOU Jian, CHEN Meng-en, GUO Zhi ,YAO Xia, LIU Yu-meng

(College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science &Engineering, Zigong 643000, Sichuan, China)

Abstract:Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the phenylethanol fermentation conditions of Wickerhamomyces anomalus from Daqu. On the basis of single factor test, the optimization about dependent variables (phenylethanol the main flavoring substances chromatographic peak area) and independent variables (fermentation temperature, loading weight and moisture content) was carried out by using central composite design. The results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: fermentation temperature 35 ℃, 43% moisture, loading weight of 70 g/250 mL. Fermentation 9 days under the conditions, the average peak area of phenylethanol for 1.332×108, which were well matched with the predictive value 1.324×108, the content of the fermentation product of phenylethanol as 6.350 mg/100 g, compared with the high-quality Luzhou Daqu, phenylethanol content increased more than 5 times.

Key words:response surface methodology;Wickerhamomyces anomalus;strong-flavor Daqu;phenylethanol

大曲是浓香型白酒酿造的发酵剂和生香剂。大曲的生香功能是普通酶制剂所不能取代的,大曲的复合曲香香气的融入及其在酿造体系内的进一步生化演化,赋予了传统浓香型白酒独特的风格特征[1]。苯乙醇是一种具有玫瑰香气的芳香醇[2],是大曲中的重要香味成分,亦是白酒香味成分及其前体物质[3,4]。除此以外,苯乙醇在酱油、果酒、面包等发酵食品中也含量丰富,是一种可用于食品的香料添加剂。随着人们对绿色食品及食品安全意识的增强,对添加化学香料香精存有的强烈争议,天然的食品香料添加剂的研发成为新的热点[5]。

响应面法是统计方法与数学方法结合的产物,是用来对关注的、受多个变量影响的问题进行建模分析、最终进行优化的方法。……

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