张广峰 卢保红 魏荣业等



摘要[目的]探索超甜玉米新品种“晋超甜1号”的适宜栽培技术。[方法] 试验以“晋超甜1号”玉米新品种为研究对象,进行不同密度、施肥量、肥料与密度叠加效应栽培试验及相关调查、统计试验,得出适合该新品种种植的高产优质栽培技术。[结果]研究表明,种植“晋超甜1号”合理的栽培条件为施肥量1 528 kg/hm2、密度67 500株/hm2;分期播种经济效益排序为:早春小拱棚育苗移栽>地膜覆盖>正常春播。[结论] 研究可为建立高产高效的优化栽培模式提供科学依据。
关键词晋超甜1号;高效栽培;施肥用量;密度;叠加效应;分期播种
中图分类号S513文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)31-067-03
Study on High Efficient Cultivation Techniques of New Variety of Super Sweet Corn “Jinchaotian 1”
ZHANG Guangfeng, LU Baohong, WEI Rongye et al
(Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinzhou, Shanxi 034000)
Abstract [Objective] To explore suitable cultivation technique for new variety of super sweet corn “Jinchaotian1”. [Method] Taking “Jinchaotian1” as study object, different density, fertilization amount, fertilizer and density stacking effect cultivation test and relevant investigation, statistical test were conducted, the high yield and quality cultivation technique suitable for the new variety planting was obtained. [Result] The results showed that: under the condition of test planting “Jinchaotian 1”, economic and reasonable fertilizer application is 1 528 kg /hm2, the density is 67 500 plants /hm2; staging sowing economic order for: early spring in small arch shed seedling transplanting > plastic film covering > normal spring. [Conclusion] The study can provide scientific basis for establishing high yield and efficient optimal cultivation mode.
Key words Jinchaotian 1; High efficiency cultivation; Fertilization amount; Density; Superposition effect; Sowing by stages
“晉超甜1号”是由山西省农业科学院玉米研究所育成的具有自主知识产权的超甜玉米新品种,2011年通过山西省审定,2014年通过国家审定。
为了探索出适合晋超甜1号种植的土壤类型、密度、肥料种类与施肥量、播期、采收期等配套高产优质栽培技术,进一步发挥该品种的高产优势,形成高效的栽培技术体系,迅速在生产中推广应用,笔者进行了“晋超甜1号”的密度与肥料研究及农户跟踪调查研究,以期为建立高产高效的优化栽培模式提供科学依据。
1材料与方法
1.1试验概况
试验用地位于山西省中北部的忻州市忻府区(112°17′~112°58′ E,38°13′~38°41′ N),山西省农业科学院玉米研究所农场。该地属暖温带季风气候,春温高于秋温,无霜期平均167.1 d,年平均气温为0.7~9.0 ℃,年有效积温为3 050~3 490 ℃;年降水量为420~470 mm,主要集中在7~9月,雨热同步,和超甜玉米生长发育规律基本一致,种植的玉米具有产量高、品质优、商品性好的特点,在灌浆期内昼夜温差较大,而在收获期内雨水较少,对鲜食玉米的加工生产非常有利[1]。该地区土……