酸性电解水在茄子灰霉病防治和保鲜上的应用

聂小凤 钱春桃

摘要[目的]明确酸性电解水在茄子灰霉病防治和果实保鲜上的应用效果。[方法] 以茄子离体叶片、田间茄子和茄子果实为材料，研究酸性电解水对茄子灰霉病的防治效果及对茄子果实保鲜的影响。[结果] pH2.4的酸性电解水对田间茄子灰霉病的防治效果较好，为68.71%，可以部分替代农药；酸性电解水对茄子离体叶片灰霉病和田间茄子灰霉病的防治效果相关程度高，利用酸性电解水对茄子离体叶片灰霉病的防治效果可以快速检测酸性电解水对田间茄子灰霉病的防治效果；pH5.9的酸性电解水浸泡处理茄子果实，茄子果实的可溶性固形物含量较高，失重率和褐变指数较小，对茄子果实的外在、内在品质都产生积极影响。[结论]酸性电解水具有成本较低、操作简易、环境友好等优点，在蔬菜病害防治及蔬菜保鲜方面具有很好的利用和推广价值。

关键词酸性电解水；茄子；灰霉病；保鲜

中图分类号S436.411文献标识码

A文章编号0517-6611（2015）31-094-03

Application of Acidic Electrolyzed Water in Controlling Gray Mold and Fruit Fresh of Eggplant

NIE Xiaofeng1， QIAN Chuntao2* （1.Changshu New Rural Development Institute Limited Company of Nanjing Agricultural University， Changshu， Jiangsu 215500；2.Horticulture College of Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210095）

Abstract[Objective] The aim was to explore application of acidic electrolyzed water in controlling gray mold and fruit fresh of eggplant.[Method] Leaves of eggplant in vitro， field eggplant and eggplant fruit were taken as materials， and control effects on eggplant gray mold and effects on eggplant fruit fresh of different pH of acidic electrolyzed water were studied.[Result] The acidic electrolyzed water of pH2.4 had better control effect on gray mold of field eggplant， and the efficiency was 68.71%， so it could partially substitute pesticides.There was high correlation degree in control effect of acidic electrolyzed water on gray mold between the leaves of eggplant in vitro and field eggplant， known by the use of acidic electrolyzed water on the control effect of leaves of eggplant in vitro could be quickly detected acidic electrolyzed water control effect on gray mold of eggplant field.After eggplant fruit was soaked by acidic electrolyzed water of pH5.9， soluble solids content of eggplant fruit was higher， and weightlessness rate and browning index were less， so it had positive impact on external and internal quality of eggplant fruits.[Conclusion] The acidic electrolyzed water has some advantages of low cost， simple operation and environmentfriendly， so it has good application value on prevention and treatment of vegetable diseases and keeping fresh.

Key words Acidic electrolyzed water； Eggplant； Gray mold； Fresh

茄子（Solanum melongena），又稱“茄”，别称“落苏”，是为数不多的紫色蔬菜之一，果实具有较高的食用价值和保健价值。灰霉病是茄子常见的病害之一，苏南地区梅雨期间茄子灰霉病严重，在花、果、叶、茎上均可发病，导致茄子严重减产[1]。采用常见的农药防治茄子灰霉病，会造成环境污染且不能保障食品安全；茄子极不耐贮藏，易发生失水、霉心的现象。利用一般的保鲜剂对茄子保鲜，会造成药剂残留、保鲜效果不理想等问题。因此，研究一种操作简单、安全可靠、环境友好的防治方法及保鲜剂具有重要意义。……