饲粮中添加啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡内脏器官发育及肠道微生物的影响

2015-10-21 18:06:31冯玉升魏时来
安徽农业科学 2015年31期

冯玉升 魏时来

摘要[目的]探讨啤酒花渣的饲用价值,为其用作动物饲料提供依据。[方法]试验选用300只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为6组,在饲粮中分别加入0、4%、8%、12%、16%、20%啤酒花渣,探讨啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡内脏器官发育及肠道微生物的影响。[结果]各试验祖肉仔鸡的肝脏重、肝脏指数、心脏重、心脏指数、脾脏重、脾脏指数、肌胃重、肌胃指数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。在饲粮中添加8%和16%啤酒花渣显著降低了肠道乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05),而对肠道大肠杆菌数量的影响不显著(P>0.05)。[结论]饲粮中添加啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡内脏器官发育及肠道大肠杆菌生长无不良影响,但添加8%和16%啤酒花渣会抑制肠道乳酸杆菌的生长。

关键词啤酒花渣;肉仔鸡;内脏指数;器官发育;肠道微生物

中图分类号S816.6文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2015)31-123-02

Effects of Supplementing Hop Residues on Visceral Growth and Intestinal Microbe of Broilers

FENG Yusheng1,WEI Shilai2*

(1.Gansu Institute of Business and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730010; 2.Faculty of Animal Science & Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070)

Abstract[Objective]The research aimed to discus the feeding value of hop residues and provide basis for using it as animal feeds. [Method]300 AA one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into six groups (supplementing 0, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, 20% hop residues respectively in the diet). The effects of hop residues on the visceral growth and intestinal microbe of broilers were discussed. [Result]The liver weight, the liver index, heart weight, heart index, spleen weight, spleen index, muscular stomach weight and muscular stomach index of broilers had no significant difference among different groups(P>0.05). After 8% and 16% hop residues were supplemented in the diet of broilers, the amount of intestinal Lactobacillus was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but its effects on the amount of intestinal Escherichia coli were not significant(P>0.05). [Conclusion]Supplementing hop residues in the diet of broilers had no bad effects on the visceral growth and intestinal Escherichia coli, but the growth of intestinal Lactobacillus was inhibited in the test group of supplementing 8% and 16% hop residues.

Key wordsHop residues; Broilers; Viscera index; Visceral growth ; Intestinal microbe

啤酒花(Humulus lupulus L.),是桑科葎草屬多年生草质蔓生藤本植物,是一种较耐寒而不耐热的植物,主要分布于我国北方地区。啤酒花中的有效成分为葎草酮和蛇麻酮,是啤酒必不可少的配料,它带给啤酒特有的芳香和苦味,增强啤酒的泡沫持久性和稳定性[1],并具有一定的防腐性能,被誉为“啤酒的灵魂”[2]。啤酒花浸膏是将啤酒花中的有效成分萃取出来而制成的浓缩了5~10倍有效成分的树脂浸膏,以提高其有效成分的利用率。啤酒花渣是萃取啤酒花中酒花浸膏后的副产品,约占啤酒花的93%,其中含粗蛋白22.5%,粗脂肪3.0%,粗纤维16.7%,粗灰分19.4%,无氮浸出物30.8%,钙2.2%,总磷0.5%,营养成分含量较高,尤其是粗蛋白质和钙更丰富,但是一直被作为垃圾处理,未能有效利用。笔者通过研究啤酒花渣对肉仔鸡内脏器官发育及肠道微生物的影响,旨在探讨啤酒花渣的饲用价值,为其用作动物饲料提供依据。

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