大青山油松人工林地根际土壤理化因子对土生空团菌分布的影响

乌仁陶格斯 韩胜利

摘要[目的]为明确菌根与根际土壤环境的互作关系。[方法]以大青山油松人工林为研究对象，探讨大青山油松人工林地根际土壤理化因子对土生空团菌分布的影响。[结果]油松人工林地阴坡中部位根际土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均高于阴坡下部、阴坡上部，而土生空团菌主要分布在油松人工林地阴坡中部样地。[结论]油松人工林地根际土壤理化因子对土生空团菌分布具有一定的影响。

关键词大青山；油松人工林地；土生空团菌；生态分布；土壤理化因子

中图分类号S714.2文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2015）31-135-03

Distribution of Cenococcum geophilum and Its Relationship with Soil Physicochemical Factors of Rhizosphere in Artificial Chinese Pine Forest of Daqing Mountains Title

WURENTAOGESI1，HAN Shengli2

（1.Department of Environmental Engineering， Huhhot Nationality College， Huhhot， Inner Mongolia 010051； 2. Forestry College， Inner Mongolia Agriculture University， Huhhot， Inner Mongolia 010018）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to clarify the environment adaptation mechanism of Cenococcum geophilum in arid and semi arid region. [Method] We measured the distribution of Cenococcum geophilum and its relationship with soil physicochemical factors of rhizosphere in artificial chinese pine forest of Daqing Mountain. [Result] Cenococcum geophilum was mainly distributed in the middle shady slope of artificial Chinese pine forest， however， it wasnt found or rare to see in upper and lower part of shady slope of the plots. Distribution of Cenococcum geophilum was related to stand density. Cenococcum geophilum was mainly distributed in the higher organic matter content in the rhizosphere soil of artificial chinese pine forest. The content of rhizosphere soil total nitrogen， available nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium in the middle shady slope was higher than the upper and lower part of shady slope of the plots. Therefore， the distribution of Cenococcum geophilum had a certain effect on content of rhizosphere soil available nitrogen， available phosphorus， available potassium and the other factor. [Conclusion]Cenococcum geophilum has strong adaptability in arid and semi arid areas and its distribution has a certain effect on the improvementc of physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil.

Key words Daqing mountains； Pinus tabulaeformis planation； Cenococcum geophilum； Ecolcgical distribution； Physical and chemical properties of soil

外生菌根是真菌的菌丝包被在植物幼根的外面形成菌套和在细胞间形成哈蒂氏网结构与植物细根形成的的共生体[1-6]。在北方森林中，外生菌根菌是乔木树种菌根的主要类型。这对维持森林生态系统的稳定性具有重要意义。

近年来，菌根与根际土壤环境的互作关系研究已成为菌根学领域的热点之一。关于外生菌根真菌分布与环境因子关系的研究，国内外均有报道[7-10]。Matsuday等[11-13]对土生空团菌（Cenococcum geophilum Fr.（简称C.g））生态学功能做了较为深人的研究，证明土生空团菌与土壤温湿度、气候等环境因子关系。Claudia等[14]研究了外生菌根在城市椴樹及其与土壤性质的关系。以大青山油松人工林为研究对象，笔者探讨了根际土壤理化因子对Cg分布的影响，为干旱半干旱地区外生菌根菌资源分布与环境因子的作用机理研究提供依据。

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