美味牛肝菌土鸡汤工艺配方的优化

2015-10-21 18:06:31李艳利刘姝韵王雪峰等
安徽农业科学 2015年31期

李艳利 刘姝韵 王雪峰等

摘要[目的]确定美味牛肝菌土鸡汤的最佳制备工艺。[方法]以美味牛肝菌和云南特色土鸡肉为主要原料,通过单因素和正交试验研究肉水比、菌用量、煮制时间对鸡汤口味的影响。[结论]各因素对菌鸡汤感官评价的影响大小依次为:肉水比、牛肝菌用量、煮制时间。最佳的煮制条件为肉水比1∶4 g/ml,美味牛肝菌用量12%,煮制时间60 min,此条件下炖制的鸡汤滋味好、香气浓、色泽佳,感官得分73.67分。[结论]此研究可为菌鸡汤的工业化生产提供理论指导。

关键词云南地方鸡;牛肝菌;工艺优化

中图分类号S879.2文献标识码

A文章编号0517-6611(2015)31-193-03

Optimization of Technology and Ingredients of Chicken Soup with Boletus edulis

LI Yanli, LIU Shuyun, WANG Xuefeng, GU Dahai*, GE Changrong* et al

(1. College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201; 2. Yunnan Zhuoyi Food Company Limited, Jiangchuan, Yunnan 650032)

Abstract [Objective] The optimal preparation technique for chicken soup with Boletus edulis was determined. [Method] With Boletus edulis and Yunnan local chicken as main material, based on the singlefactor and orthogonal test, the effects of the amount of mushroom, cooking time and ratio of chicken to water on soup taste were determined. [Result] The order of factors influencing sensory evaluation was: the ratio of chicken to water, amount of mushroom, cooking time. The optimum conditions were as follows: the ratio of chicken to water was 1∶4 g/ml, the amount of mushroom was 12%, cooking time 60 min, under the above conditions, the sensory evaluation score could reach as high as 73.67. [Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical guidance for the industrial processing of chicken soup with Boletus edulis.

Key words Yunnan local chicken; Boletus edulis; Process optimization

美味牛肝菌又稱白牛肝菌,其不仅肉质肥厚细嫩,而且富含丰富的蛋白质及多种氨基酸、维生素,属于高蛋白类食品。美味牛肝菌中的生物碱和多糖类等物质具有缓解腰腿疼痛、手足麻木和延缓衰老的作用[1-3],并且其中的菌多糖对增强网状内皮系统的吞噬能力,调节及提高机体免疫功能亦有显著作用。云南是野生食用菌的王国,拥有牛肝菌种类224种,占全国总数的62%,而美味牛肝菌因其产量多,味道鲜美,深受消费者的欢迎。鸡肉蛋白质含量比例较高,呈味氨基酸丰富, 经炖煲加工获得的鸡汤滋味鲜美,易被人体消化吸收。也有研究报道,鸡汤能够抑制人体内的炎症及黏液的过量产生、缓解感冒症状,对提高人体免疫功能有一定的作用[4-6],因此鸡汤常被消费者作为菜肴和滋补品食用。云南因其独特的气候条件,物种具有明显优势,云南地方鸡养殖也成为云南高原特色农业的重要组成部分[7]。……

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